Emphysematous pyelonephritis and Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in contra-lateral kidney: an extremely rare condition

A case of 50-year old woman with diabetes, hypertension, chronic liver disease secondary to hepatitis C virus and end-stage renal disease on dialysis, was admitted to the surgical unit of Aseer Central Hospital with the complaints of right loin pain and fever for two weeks. She was diagnosed to have right emphysematous pyelonephritis. Emergency nephrectomy was done for the patient. Three years earlier, the patient was admitted to our hospital with a suspicion of left renal tumour. Left partial nephrectomy was done and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The details of this rare occurrence are documented in this case