RESUMO
Introduction: Healthy initiation of life is essential in establishing the foundations of a healthy nation. Traditional care practices at home and in the community inevitably affect maternal and young infant health. The objective is to study young infant nurturing practices and factors influencing these practices in rural Agra. Material and Methods: This is a community-based cross-sectional study that was conducted in rural Agra, using a multi-stage random sampling method. A total of 240 mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The study results showed that 65.0% of the mothers were following either satisfactory (58.3%) or good (6.7%) nurturing practices. Of the three components of nurturing, the majority (61.6%) of mothers had satisfactory (46.6%) or good (15%) breastfeeding practices, most (86.6%) were giving satisfactory (56.6%) or good (30%) thermal care and only 53.33% were following satisfactory (42.2%) or good (10.8%) hygiene practice. The practice regarding newborn care was found to have a significant association with the place of birth, type of delivery and educational status of the mothers and fathers. Conclusion: This study outcome shows the need for a better awareness and educational outreach program coupled with an effective health-care delivery system to improve young infant nurturing practices in achieving better health.
RESUMO
Background: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global public health problem. With approximately 56% HIV patients in India receiving treatment, adherence to drugs is a crucial element for successful management. Sustainable development goals, National Strategic plan for HIV/AIDS and STI (2017-24) and 90-90-90 target pushing towards ending of AIDS epidemic require adequate adherence and this research estimates the adherence, associated factors and reasons for non-compliance.Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was undertaken on 160 HIV patients from an ART Centre. A pre-structured, pilot tested, face validated questionnaire was used and data collected by face to face interviews, through random selection of participants from outpatient department register. Data was analysed using Epi Info software and chi squared test applied.Results: Of the 160 study subjects, 86.8% remained adherent to the treatment with forgetfulness (71.4%) being the most common cause for non-adherence. Statistically significant treatment adherence was observed to be associated with socio-economic status (p=0.021) and period elapsed since diagnosis (p=0.041).Conclusions: Improving adherence to drug therapy through intensive counselling, streamlined drug supply and increased family participation would go a long way in reducing the menace of HIV.
RESUMO
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was launched in April 2005, to promote institutional deliveries through provision of cash assistance, transport, escort, and referral services. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the antenatal registrations, postnatal checkups, and institutional deliveries, and to compare the various social groups. Married women of the reproductive age group, having at least two children, were interviewed regarding antenatal care, delivery, and postnatal care in both pregnancies, latest as well as previous. Post JSY implementation, antenatal registrations increased from 61.79 to 96.34%, Deliveries at the Government Health Facility increased from 25.20 to 53.25% and postnatal check-ups increased from 45.93 to 69.51%. In the post-JSY-implementation phase, the Government Health Facility was preferred more by Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC) (SC/ST = 56.87%, OBC = 60.2%, and general = 43.68%), educated (Illiterate = 17.39%, Primary = 88.14, and Middle or above = 81.94%) and the lower socioeconomic classes (Lower SEC 71.83% and Upper lower and above = 45.71%) for their deliveries. It appears that the socially backward groups have benefi ted more from JSY.