Nitric oxide, matrix metalloproteinases [2,9] and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma of egyptian patients

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the levels of NO, MMP-2 and 9 and TIMP-1 and the behavior of this carcinoma which may be helpful in disease management. For this purpose, the sera of 74 hepatocellular carcinoma cases as well as 74 normal cases were subjected for the analysis of the above mentioned parameters using ELISA technique and the results were correlated with the different clinicopathological data. The results revealed a significant enhancement in the levels of all the parameters examined in the hepatocellular cases rather than the normal ones. Almost, the same parameters showed no significant changes in their levels associated with the histopathological types of the disease. However, a significant change was obtained when the levels of NO, MMP-2, 9 and TIMP-1 were matched with the different tumor grades. All the parameters examined showed no significant difference with the tumor size [/<2 cm or >cm].Only the nitrite level was significantly changed with the C-virus infection and LN involvement; while the other parameters were not. The results suggested that analysis of NO, MMP-2. 9 and TIMP-1 may be helpful in disease management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Use of autologous vein graft in reconstruction of common bile duct defect: an experimental study

This study was done on 10 healthy dogs to evaluate the possible use of autologous venous graft and stent to repair a segmental common bile defect [CBD]. The preoperative liver function tests were normal in all dogs. A 1.5-2 cm segment of supraduodenal CBD was excised and replaced by 3 cm segment of vena cephalica antibrachii on a stent. One end of the stent was introduced into the CBD proximally and the other distally; then the graft was sutured into the CBD using vicryl 5/0 suture. Liver function tests were done on days 7, 14 and 20 postoperatively and re-laparotomy was done after 3 weeks. One dog died intra-operatively and was excluded. The defect was repaired successfully in nine dogs. The postoperative follow up liver function tests on days 7, 14 and 20 were normal in 8 dogs. In one dog, the tests indicated biliary obstruction. At re-laparotomy after three week, the grafts were perfectly healed in all dogs without any evidence of bile leakage. In the dog with obstructive liver function tests, the gallbladder and the graft was strictured and the stent displaced into the duodenum

internal auditory meatus in guinea pigs

15 colored guinea pigs 300: 400 gm in weigh, were divided into 3 groups every one included 5 animals. The first group of animal were examined in the fresh condition, the second group was examine after complete cleaning of the temporal bone of all attached soft tissues. The third group was examined after fixation and decalcification. The examination done was to the posterior surface of the temporal bone to evaluate its anatomy in comparison to the human being, where the researcher found that the guinea pigs have 3 canals, one for every nerve. The antero-superior canal housing the facial nerve. The postero-superior canal housing the vestibular nerve. The last canal is large in size and present inferior to the other canals and housing the cochlear nerve