Extra-ocular muscle imbalance after scleral buckling procedures

The occurrence of extra-ocular muscle imbalance after scleral buckling procedures is of concern to retinal surgeons, heterophoria and heterotropia have been reported but there is no conclusive documentation regarding the causes of the muscle imbalance. The incidence of muscle imbalance is variable, Kanski et al. [1973] documented that disgnificant muscle imbalance was 6.3% while Mets and Co workers in 1985 found that muscle imbalance had occurred in 56.6%

Evaluation of provocative tests in normal individuals and in chronic open-angle glaucoma

To evaluate some provocative tests in normal individuals and in chronic open-angle glaucoma above the age of 45 years, 20 eyes of 10 normal cases and 19 eyes of 10 glaucomatous cases were examined. Then provocative tests have been done for each case. These provocative tests were the water drinking test, the jugular compression test, the combined water and pressor congestion test, the caffeine test and the prone test. For every provocative test done a base pressure has been recorded before the test was done, then the maximum rise in pressure from the base pressure in mm Hg. was recorded according to the details of each test. This work has shown that water drinking test was the most relaible of these tests, and a rise of 7 mm Hg from base pressure is considered to be suspicious of glaucoma especially in a case with a base pressure exceeding 20 mm Hg, and the case has to be followed regularly as regards further increase in pressure, optic disc changes and field changes. The other tests were less relaible and more difficult to do than the water drinking test