Initial ligguistic and psychometric validation of the Arabic version of nepean dyspepsia index

To report the initial evaluation of the linguistic and psychometric validation of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index [NDI], as part of the ongoing research of quality of life among dyspeptic patients. The Arabic version of the NDI was administered to 158 subjects [54 with non-ulcer dyspeptic [NUD]], 50 with gastro-esophageal reflux disease [GERD] and 54 with no history of gastroenteritis disease], with a mean age of 46.6 and SD 10.7. All subjects answered the Arabic versions of the General Health Questionnaire [GHQ], the Self-Report Questionnaire [SRQ], and the Short Form-12 Quality of Life [QOL] scale. We administered the final translation of the NDI by consensus. The study was conducted in King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, between December 2002 and January 2004. The NDI has shown adequate internal consistency. Cronbach Alpha coefficient ranged between 0.88 to 0.93, and Split-half correlation reliability ranged between 0.82 and 0.94. Correlations between NDI subscales and total scores were high and significant. Adequate Face and content validity was demonstrated by consultation with gastroenterologists and clinical psychologists. Convergent validity was shown in the moderate and significant correlation of the NDI subscales and global index with the indices of the SF-12. Divergent validity was shown in that subscales of the NDI revealed low correlation with scales which measure other dimensions; thus, both QOL subscales and symptom checklist have discriminated patients from non-patients groups [p>0.01]. The factorial structure of the NDI was also examined, and it revealed 4 factors, which is similarly the same with other studies. The initial validation of the Arabic version of the NDI has shown that this scale has adequate psychometric and linguistic property and can represent a good addition to health outcome measures in dyspepsia research. Further validation studies are recommended

Endoscopic dilatation in the management of benign and malignant esophageal strictures: results of 203 consecutive dilatations

Eighty-three patients with benign or malignant strctures underwent 203 endoscopic esophageal dilatations using different type of dilators. Of these, 36 patients [78.2%] with benign strictures become free of symptoms after one to three dilatations, during a mean follow-up period of 8.5 months. Thirty-seven patients had malignant strictures; in 14 dysphagia abated after the initial dilatations without the need to insert feeding or Atkinson tubes. Seventeen patients [20.5%] had dysphagia following esophageal surgery and their condition improved followed following endoscopic dilatations. Dilatation failed in four patients and esophageal perforation occurred in one patient with malignant stricture. There was no mortality among our patients that was directly related to endoscopic dilatations