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Background@#Postoperative pain management after pacemaker insertion routinely requires opioid agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or paracetamol. However, interest in opioid-sparing multimodal pain management to minimize postoperative narcotic use has increased recently. This study aimed to assess the pectoral nerve (PECS) block versus standard treatment on postoperative pain control and opioid consumption in pediatric patients after transvenous subpectoral pacemaker insertion.Method: In this randomized controlled study, 40 pediatric patients underwent transvenous subpectoral pacemaker insertion with either congenital or postoperative complete heart block. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group C (control) received conventional analgesic care without any block and Group P (pectoral) received a PECS block. Demographics, procedural variables, postoperative pain, and postoperative opioid consumption were compared between the two groups. @*Results@#In children undergoing transvenous subpectoral pacemaker insertion, the PECS block was associated with a longer procedure time; however, the cumulative dose of fentanyl and atracurium was reduced and the hemodynamic profile was superior in Group P compared with Group C intraoperatively. Postoperatively, the PECS block was associated with lower postprocedural pain scores, which was reflected by the longer interval before the first call for rescue analgesia and lower postoperative morphine consumption, without an increase in the rate of complications. @*Conclusion@#Ultrasound-guided PECS blocks are associated with a good intraoperative hemodynamic profile, reduced postoperative pain scores, and lower total opioid consumption in children undergoing transvenous subpectoral pacemaker placement.
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Background: While Cisplatin (CP) is a powerful DNA alkylating agent used to treat many malignancies, its clinical use is linked to a number of negative side effects. It has been proposed that vitamin D can shield biological systems against harm caused by CP. The current study’s objective was to look into how vitamin D protects the rat heart and lung against cisplatin-induced damage. Material and methods: Thirty adult male Albino rats; 180–220 g body weight were allocated into 3 groups; Group I (n=10) receiving saline, Group II (n=10); rats receiving CP (single dose of 6.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal) and Group III (n=10); receiving CP and 50 ng/kg/day alfacalcidol. Results: Alterations included a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the CP group compared with the other groups (p value for comparing between control and each other group, statistically significant at p < 0.05). Histopathologically, CP induced severe changes were observed. However, the CP-induced disturbances significantly improved by treatment with Vitamin D. Conclusion: According to this study, CP treatment significantly harmed rats’ hearts and lungs; however, treatment with vitamin D significantly lessened these harms.
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Background: Thioacetamide (TAA) is a recognized industrial poisonous agent drastically used in animal studies for induction of hepatic necrosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. It is additionally reported to be nephrotoxic through induction of oxidative stress. Quercetin (QE) has a high antioxidant capacity via free radical scavenging, transition metal ion binding, and lipid peroxidation inhibition. Aim of the work: The goal of this research was to see if QE may help reduce the negative effects of thioacetamide on renal tissue by histological examination of the kidney. Material and methods: Twenty four adult male Albino rats 7–9 weeks old around 180–200g body weight were allocated into 3 groups; Group I (n=8) receiving distilled water, Group II (n=8); rats receiving TAA and Group III (n=8); receiving TAA and QE. Results: Renal tissues were examined under a light microscope stained by Harris Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E stain), Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson’s Trichrome for TAA-treated groups revealed severe histopathological changes, whereas specimens obtained from QE-treated groups showed only mild changes. Immunohistochemical results corroborated these findings. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the ameliorative consequences of QE in opposition to TAA-induced renal injury in rats. The result of this study might contribute in the development of a novel complementary alternative medication in combating and therapeutic intervention of TAA-induced renal injury.