RESUMO
Abstract Background: End-stage renal diseases patients have a high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), which is multifactorial and need acute attention after renal transplantation for a successful outcome in term of an uneventful postoperative period. The study was done to compare the efficacy of palonosetron and ondansetron in preventing early and late-onset PONV in live donor renal transplantation recipients (LDRT). Methods: The prospective randomized double-blinded study was done on 112 consecutive patients planned for live donor renal transplantation. Patients of both sexes in the age group of 18-60 years were randomly divided into two groups: Group O (Ondansetron) and Group P (Palonosetron) with 56 patients in each group by computer-generated randomization. The study drug was administered intravenously (IV) slowly over 30 seconds, one hour before extubation. Postoperatively, the patients were accessed for PONV at 6, 24, and 72 hours using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) nausea score and PONV intensity scale. Results: The incidence of PONV in the study was found to be 30.35%. There was significant difference in incidence of PONV between Group P and Group O at 6 hours (12.5% vs. 32.1%, p = 0.013) and 72 hours (1.8% vs. 33.9%, p < 0.001), but insignificant difference at 24 hours (1.8% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.113). VAS-nausea score was significantly lower in Group P as compared to Group O at a time point of 24 hours (45.54 ± 12.64 vs. 51.96 ± 14.70, p = 0.015) and 72 hours (39.11 ± 10.32 vs. 45.7 ± 15.12, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Palonosetron is clinically superior to ondansetron in preventing early and delayed onset postoperative nausea and vomiting in live-related renal transplant recipients.
RESUMO
For the enhanced quality of life among the individuals or patients, oral hygiene is the most momentous approach. The general health status of the patients gets affected, if the oral health status is compromised, particularly in condition of tooth loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the types and frequency of partial tooth loss [Partially Edentulous] of the maxillary arches in the patients who reported at RAKCODS clinics. The study applied cross section approaches for gathering data and by using random approaches, total 450 patient's files were selected from the record. A proforma was used in order to collect data of the participants. Out of 450, 110 females and 340 males' files were used for this purpose. Results revealed that the tooth loss was most prevalent in the age group of 21-30 years. A considerable number of patients had gone through partially tooth loss and no modification was observed. The maxillary loss was not much common in comparison with the mandible loss. According to this study the occurrence of maxillary partially edentulous arches was higher among the age group of 21-31 years. This study was clinically relevant as it adds information that Kennedy's class 3 is the most common in the patients reported at the RAKCODS clinics, and mandibular tooth loss is more common than maxillary tooth loss