RESUMO
Various skin disorders are related to increase solar radiation exposure. These diseases mainly increase in spring and summer months among general population due to an increase to sun light exposure and an increase intensity of uhravaiolet radiation [UVR]. This study was done to evaluate different skin diseases related to study the frequency of the skin diseases related to increase exposure to UV light in Sulaimania city. This is a selective prospective study; the data collected during the period of the January 2006 to September 2007 in Dermatology Department in Consulting Clinic in Sulaimania city, 391 cases were collected in both sexes whose ages ranged between 5 and 73 years with a mean age of 39 years. Full history and thorough physical examination was done for all patients. Three hundred ninety one patients were included in this study; they were 190 [4 8.6%] males and 201 [51.4%] females, there ages ranged between 5-73 years with a mean age of 39 years. Sunburn 116 [29.7%] patients was the commonest condition seen, acne like eruption 84 [21 .4%] patients, drug photosensitivity: 74 [18.9%] patients, Polymorphous light eruption: 32 [8.1%] patients, Chronic actinic dermatitis: 24 [6.1%] patients, Lichenoid dermatitis: 21 [5.3%] patients, Actinic prurigo like polymorphic light eruption 18 [4.6%] patients, Lichen planus actinicus: 15 [3.9%] patients, Solar urticaria: 5 [1.2%] patients, Porokeratoses: 2 [0.6%] patients, The number of the eases variable during the months from no cases in January and February to the highest numbers during the summer months with a top [149] patients, in August. To best of our knowledge this is first study done about UVR exposure in Sulaimania city. There are various dermatoses related to increase UVR exposure, as the UV index increases, the number of eases increases. The highest number of eases occurs in summer [especially in July and August], because in summer the UV index reaches its higher levels and the outdoor activities increase with inadequate protective measures in Sulaimania without regular used of sunscreen. We recommend strict use of sunscreen for males and females especially summer times and avoid going out in specific times of the day especially in summer. We recommend future studies about tumors, photo aging, DNA repair-defective disorders and dermatoses aggravated by solar exposure like porphyria, SLE, pellagra, rosacea
RESUMO
Hirsutism is excessive terminal hair appearing in a male pattern in women seems to be a common problem among Iraqi females. Hyperandrogenaemia is the key trigger for excess hair growth which is modified by genetic and metabolic factors. This study try to do clinical and hormonal evaluation of women presenting with hirsutism at child bearing age in Slemani city. This is a case series study, 100 patients with hirsutism taken who had modified Ferriman and Gallwey score of 6-8 and more. Personal history taken regarding age of onset, progression of hirsutism, menstrual history, galactorrhea, diabetes, thyroid diseases, recent deepening in voice, increase muscle mass and decrease breasts size; drug history; and family history of hirsutism. Examinations done including: body mass index [BMI], and search for: acanthosis nigricans, androgenetic alopecia and acne. Investigations included: pelvic scans, serum Lieutenizing Hormone [LH], Follicular Stimulating Hormone [FSH], Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate [DHEAS], total testosterone, 17 hydroxyprogesterone, prolactin, fasting blood sugar and thyroid function tests. The mean of age was 23.54 +/- 5.092. 70 [70%] were had Polycystic Ovary Disease [PCOD], 26 [26%] were idiopathic, 2 [2%] had sex hormones imbalance and 2 [2%] had hyperprolactenemia. Mild hirsutism was found in 17 [65.4%] of idiopathic eases, Moderate-severe hirsutism was found in 45 [64.3%] of PCOD. BMI of PCOD cases: 29 [41.4%] were overweight while in the idiopathic cases 10 [38.5%] were overweight. Progression of hirsutism was gradual in all of the cases. Family history of hirsutism was positive in 29 [41.4%] of PCOD, 19 [73.1%] of idiopathic. Oligo/amonorrhea was found in 50 [71.4%] of PCOD cases and all cases of sex hormones imbalances. Acanthosis nigricans was recorded in 15 [21.4%] of PCOD, 4 [15.4%] of idiopathic cases and all cases of sex hormones imbalance. PCOD is the most common cause of hirsutism in Slemani city followed by idiopathic cases then other causes; like hyperprolactenemic and sex hormones imbalance patients