Comparative study of male and female sebum production

Background: Evidence is given that gender-related differences in skin physiological properties exist

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference between male and female sebum production by measuring sebum production over half hour, 1 hour and 11/2 hours in both males and females

Subjects and Methods: The study included 200 healthy volunteers and was carried out in the Dermatology outpatient clinic- AinShams University- during the period from January and February 2017 [as the sebum secretion is lower during this time of year]. A total of 200 healthy male and female subjects [Fitzpatrick's skin types I-IV] with their age ranged from 15-25years old participated in this clinical study after giving avocal informed consent. Participants were divided to 100 males and 100 females. Results: Among male participants, it was found that sebum production significantly increase with time; sebum production at 1 hour was significantly higher than that at 0.5 hour; furthermore, sebum production at 1.5 hour was significantly higher than that at 0.5 hour

Conclusion: Sex difference is a significant factor affecting the amount of sebum production; which is significantly higher among males in comparison to age matched females. Rate of casual sebum production significantly increase among both males and females over time

Recommendations More studies are recommended to determine the factors and mechanism; molecular and endocrinal, behind the strong relation between male gender and the increased amount of sebum production

Role of medical management in otitis media with effusion

Introduction: otitis media with effusion [OME] is a common disease characterized by the retention of fluid and inflammatory by-products in the middle ear without any clinical symptom of acute infection

Objective: to evaluate the benefits in the medical management and watchful waiting prior to surgical intervention in patients with otitis media with effusion

Methods: A total of 130 patents with otitis media with effusion, aged newborn - 35 years. All patients received medical treatment: in the form of amoxicillin for 10 days [as second trail therapy], if no improvement amoxicillin clavulanic acid for another 10 days was given [as second trail therapy]. Patients with persistent effusion post medical treatment were followed up for 3 months for spontaneous regression [watchful waiting - third trail therapy]. Patients with persistent effusion after 3 months subjected to surgical management according to the predisposing factor

Results: a total of 86 [66.2%] of our patients showed complete recovery with medical management, of them 38 patients [29.2%] responded after the trial of medical therapy, 26.1% responded after the second course and [35.3%] showed spontaneous recovery on watchful waiting

Conclusion: initial trail of medical therapy with watchful waiting for three months should be practiced prior to surgical intervention

Sonotubometry findings in patients with combined airway disease with and without associated eosinophilic otitis media

Active opening of the eustachian tube is accomplished by contraction of the paratubal muscles. Disturbance of any of the ET functions may contribute to the development of otitis media [OM] with effusion and other middle ear diseases. Sonotubometry seems to be the most [physiologic] method for assessment of ET function and has the advantage that it can be performed on ears with an intact tympanic membrane and without the use of a pressure chamber. The aim of this study was to compare the Eustachian tube function using Sonotubometry in patients with combined airway disease associated with Eosinophilic otitis media with that having combined airway disease without otitis media. This study was applied on 45 patients divided into 3 groups each of 15. 1[st] group is the control group, 2[nd] group patients with combined airway disease without Eosinophilic otitis media, 3[rd] group patients with combined airway disease associated with Eosinophilic otitis media. Our results explains that the tubal opening durations were significantly longer in patients of EOM group than in patients with combined airway disease without EOM group and also the normal control group. Sonotubometry can be performed in patients with or, without an intact tympanic membrane and under physiological conditions. Sonotubometry is also inexpensive, painless, and easy to perform in both adults and children. Therefore, it has great potential value as a diagnostic tool for individuals with suspected ET disease

Peri- anal and peri- prostatic local infilterating aneasthesia before transrectal ultrasound [TRUS] guided biopsy in patients with or without painful anal disorders

TRUS guided biopsies is painfull and uncomfortable procedure; which could cause many complications up-to vasovagal attacks. Some patients can not sustain the procedure to complete his required biopsies either due to presence of anal disorders [fissures, piles. stenosis .. ] or untolerable pain during biopsy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of peri-anal and peri-prostatiic local infilterating aneasthesia prior to TRUS biopsy in patients with or without painful anal conditions. Five hundred patients who are subjected for TRUS biopsy were included in this study of them 150 patients were found to have painful anal problems [fissure, piles. tight anal canal]. Peri-anal infilterating aneasthesi were used only in [n=150] patients who complaining of anal problems while. periprostatic aneasthesia were performed in all included patients [n=500] of this study. DRE was routinly performed prior to TRUS 10 assess the presence of anal disorders and to evaluate the prostate. Local injection of xylocain 0.5% in perianal rectal muscle before the introduction or TRUS probe followed by peri-prostatic injection of the same anesthetic material which were injected in sagital axis started from the seminal vesicle base of each side or the prostate till the prostatic apex. Then TRUS evaluation of the prostate and its measures, presence of focal lesion and capsular integrity were done to give the proper time for aneasthia. Biopises were taken according to TRUS finding using the standard sixtant or the extended biopsy technique+/- lesion directed. Most of the patients [90%] were comfortable using this procedure without significant pain during TRUS guided biopsies. Only 3% of the patient feel mild pain during mid-zonal biopsy because of repeat biopsy. Patients with painful anal problems were comfortable without prior treatment or delay in the procedure. Some of this painful anal problems improved after the procedure [anal dilatation]

On conclusion: Peri-anal local infilterating aneasthesia solve the problem of TRUS biobsy in patients with painful anal problems without delay or the procedure. Peri-prostatic local infiltrating aneasthesia was safe and effective prior to TRUS guided biopsies for all patients

Erythrocytic and merogonic stages of Hepatozoon ridilundae SP. NN. infecting the Arobion Ranid frogs, Rana Ridilunda in Saudi Arabia with reflections on the haemogregarine complex

The prevalence and levels of parasitemia of hemogregarine infection among Arabian ranid frogs, Rana ridibunda, in Saudi Arabia were studied. Erythrocytic and merogonic stages of Hepatozoon ridibundae sp. Nov. in the intermediate hertebrate host, R. Ridibunda, were described by light microscopy. The erythrocytic parasites were differentiated into small form [trophozoite] measuring 14.6 +/- 0.3 x 3.8 +/- 0.4 mum and the mature form [gamont], which was banana- shaped with hooked anterior end and blunt broad posterior end and measuring 19.8 +/- 1.8 x 5.2 +/- 0.6 pm. The gamonts of the present parasite induced nuclear fragmentation or segmentation in host erythrocytes. Merogony, of the ectomerogonic type, took place in the liver parenchyma cells. Two meront types were observed. Small meronts [micromeronts] yielded 2-6 [average 4] large merozoites [macromerozoites] measuring 16.6 +/- 0.6 x 6.2 +/- 0.5 mum in size. Large meronts [macromeronts] yielded 18-30 [average 24] elongated merozoites [micromerozoites] measuring 15.2 +/- 0.3 x 3.8 +/- 0.4 mum. A partial systematic revision of the hemogregarine complex was discussed in the view of the diagnostic characteristic features of the six recognized hemogregarine genera