WORK ENGAGEMENT OF DENTISTS AND DENTAL ASSISTANTS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CORPORATION IN QATAR

Background: Work engagement is a positive, signi?cant, work-related mental state that involves enthusiasm, dedication, and attention, and it has been shown to have a direct impact on care quality. Employees who are more involved in their work, usually experience less job stress and anxiety than those who are not; increased levels of work engagement can improve dental team performance, job satisfaction, emotional wellness, and minimize the likelihood of turnover. to evaluate work engagement of PHCC dentists and dental assistants in Qatar. Objective: Method: An electronic questionnaire was emailed to the whole population of PHCC (217) dentists and (192) dental assistants distributed over 27 health centers and obtained from Dentistry Department data base after securing approval. Study design: quantitative, correlational, and cross - sectional study using instruments re?ecting sociodemographic variables and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) that consists of three constructs: vigor, dedication, and absorption (Schaufeli et al (2002)). Results: 187 out of 409 dentists and dental assistant replied to the survey with response rate of 46%. 66.8% of respondents were males, 79.1% were married, 68.4% of participants were below 45 years, 51.9% had less than 5 years of work experience with PHCC. 80.2 % had general satisfaction with the profession, and 43.9% had thoughts of leaving the profession. Conclusion: PHCC general dentists and dental assistants demonstrated average and above of work engagement levels with total mean score of (3.99± 1.15 SD), Dental specialists (3.74±1.29 SD), GP dentists (4.22 ± 1.21 SD), dental assistants (3.95 ± 1.02 SD)

Analysis of Reported E-prescribing Medication Administration Errors at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Study

Background:Drugprescriptionerrorisamedicationerrorthatmostfrequentlyhappensinhealthcareorganizationsandadverselyaffectsthehealthcareconsumers.Mostmedicationerrors(MEs)butnotallarecapturedandcorrectedbeforereachingthepatientbydesignedsystemcontrols.Medicationadministrationerrors(MAEs)mostlyaremadebynursesbutfrequentlyreportedbyclinicalpharmacistsinhospitalsinSaudiArabia.Objective:ThisstudyaimedtoanalyzeexclusivelythevoluntarilyreporteddrugadministrationerrorsinatertiarycarehospitalinRiyadhcity.Methods:Thiscross-sectional,retrospectivestudyevaluatedconsecutivelycollectedmedicationadministrationreportformsoveraperiodofoneyearfromJanuary1,2015toDecember31,2015.Results:ThenumberofMAEsoccurringduringstageofdrugadministrationconstituted7.1%(n=971)oftotalmedicationerrors(n=13677).ThemaximumnumberofMEs(n=6838,50%)and MAEs(n=455,46.9%)occurredduringthe4thquarteroftheyear2015.ThemostcommonMAEhappenedtobecategoryC(n=888,91.5%)whichmeanserroroccurred,reachedthepatientbutwithoutcausinganyharm.ConcerningMAEtypes,themostcommonerrorincludedwrongfrequency(40%)followedbywrongdrug(17%),wrongtimeofadministration(16%)andwrongrateofinfusion(10%).Nursesmadethemostoftheerrors(92.2%)whiletheclinicalpharmacistsreportedthemostMAEs(75.5%).Highalertmedications(HAM)errorsconstituted32.3%(n=314)ofMAEs(n=971)andmostcommonHAMerrorsincludedthewrongrouteofadministrationofLanusInsulin(15%)followedbyInsulinAspart(15%),Enoxaparin(13%)andInsulinProtamine-Nvomix(12%).Look-alikeandsound-alike(LASA)errorsconstituted55.2%ofMAEs(971/536)andmostcommonLASAdrugsidentifiedwereGentamycin(13%),InsulinMixtard(11%),NPHInsulin(8%)Intralipidvial(8%)andInsulinregular(6%).Conclusion:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidessomeimportanttentativepharmacovigilanceinsightsintoMAEs,whicharepartiallycomparablewithcurrentinternationaltrendsindrugadministrationerrors.FurtherstudiesonMAEsarewarrantednotonlyintheKingdomofSaudiArabiabutalsootherGulfcountries

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy versus laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass and early metabolic outcome in super-obese patients

Background: Bariatric surgery became the most popular choice in the management of obesity. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrostomy (LSG) and laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (LMGB) has taken place in weight-loss and improvement in comorbidities.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study with equal allocation included 112 super-obese patients with body mass index ≥50 kg/m2, which carried out in General Surgery department of Al-Azhar University Hospitals, between January 2016 and December 2018. 56 patients underwent LSG (Group A), and 56 patients underwent LMGB (Group B). Metabolic effect and weight loss outcomes were evaluated over one year.Results: Operative time was shorter in LSG than LMGB (64.3±33.32 min versus 70±37.24 min). There was a highly significant more weight loss in LSG than in LMGB at 6 and 12 months following the surgery. Also, improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and quality of life occurred after 1 year in both surgeries.Conclusions: LSG and LMGB were better optimal procedures for super-obese patients with a comparable percent excess weight loss and improvement of associated comorbidities.

Upregulation of sulfatase-1 decreases metastatic potential of SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Aim: Sulfatase-1 (SULF-1) is one of the genes associated with the inhibition of several signaling pathways by desulfating HSPG in cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of SULF-1 upregulation on SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line and its influence on cell proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro, and lymph node metastasis in 615 inbred mice in vivo. Materials and Methods: In in vitro study, we upregulated SULF-1 in SKOV3 cells using SULF-1 expression plasmid. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to measure SULF-1 expression levels after stable upregulation. CCK-8, flow cytometry, Boyden Transwell-chamber, and scratch-wound healing assay were performed to explore the effect of SULF-1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion. In in vivo study, immunohistochemistry and eosin stain (H and E) were used to evaluate the expression level of SULF-1 gene and to measure the lymph node metastatic rate of mice inoculated with SULF-1-SKOV3-expressed plasmid, SKOV3, and Nc-SKOV3 cells. Results: qRT-PCR and western blot assay confirmed that SULF-1 was upregulated both in mRNA and protein levels. Following SULF-1 stable upregulation, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly reduced in the SULF-1 upregulated cells (SULF-1-SKOV3) compared with the nontransfected (SKOV3) and the nonspecific sequence transfected cells (Nc-SKOV3). IHC results showed that SULF-1 was highly expressed after stably upregulation in SKOV3 cells, and H and E stain confirmed that the mice inoculated with SULF-1-SKOV3 cells decreased lymph node metastatic rate compared to the two control groups. Conclusions: Our findings showed that overexpression of SULF-1 in SKOV3 results in a decrease in ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and decreased lymph node metastasis in vivo. This finding could have a potential therapeutic window in the management of ovarian cancer

Effect of a Formative Objective Structured Clinical Examination on the Clinical Performance of Undergraduate Medical Students in a Summative Examination: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To study the effect of formative Objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) on the undergraduate medical students’ performance in a subsequent summative-OSCE assessment. Methods: In a randomized single-blind trial, 130 fifth year medicalstudents at Raparin hospital, Erbil were assigned to intervention (n=61) and control group(n=69). Formative-OSCE was performed for the intervention group in pediatric module withfeedback on their performance versus standard pediatric module for the control group.Students’ clinical performance was assessed by a summative-OSCE. Multiple regressionwas used to predict the summative-OSCE score depending on the participation in formative-OSCE along with the other factors. Results: Eleven students were excluded because ofearly drop-out, leaving 119 students for analysis. The summative-OSCE mean score (out ofa total score of 100) in intervention group 64.6 (10.91) was significantly lower as comparedto the control group 69.2 (10.45). Conclusion: Single formative-OSCE does not necessarilylead to better performance in subsequent summative-OSCE.

Teratogenic effects of aqueous extract of Ficus glomerata leaf during embryonic development in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Over the past few decades, many reports were published in scientific journals describing medicinal properties of Ficusglomerata (FG). However, its effects on embryonic development and its safety characteristics have not been studied.The purpose of this investigation was to determine lethal concentration 50 (LC50) and study the effect of aqueousextract of FG leaf (AEFG) on developmental abnormalities in zebrafish embryos. LC50 value of AEFG was calculatedby using probit analysis. Effect on percentage hatchability, heartbeat rate, total body length, and developmentalmorphological abnormalities, i.e., delayed growth, abnormal movement, tail detachment, abnormal head-trunkangle, scoliosis/flexure, and yolk sac edema were recorded. AEFG revealed LC50 of 239.88 ppm. The result showeda significant reduction in percent hatchability (p < 0.05), heartbeat rate (p < 0.001), total body length (p < 0.001),and developmental morphological abnormalities in the embryos treated with AEFG. This research can be used inconsidering the safety of an AEFG extract for their use during pre-conception or early pregnancy period.

Assessment of Clinical Preventive Medicine Services Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Physicians at National Guard PHC Centers, Saudi Arabia-Western Region

Background: Although the effectiveness of preventive healthservices is beyond any doubt, actual rates for delivery ofpreventive care services remain quite low.Aim of the Study: To assess magnitude of preventiveservices utilization by primary health care (PHC) physiciansand associated determinants and barriers.Materials and Methods: Following a cross sectional studydesign at the National Guard (NG) PHC Centers, in thewestern region of Saudi Arabia, 103 PHC physicians wereincluded. A self-administered questionnaire has beenconstructed for data collection.Results: Finding showed that 22.3% of participants had 100%scientific evidence about applied screening tests, while 47.6%had 75% knowledge, 25.2% had 50% knowledge and 4.9%had 25% knowledge. Main sources of knowledge about appliedscreening tests were evidence based medicine sources(79.6%) and continuous medical education (CME) (68.9%).The most frequent barrier to deliver evidence-based clinicalpreventive services was busy clinic time (93.2%). About onefourth of participants (27.2%) do not apply screening tests. Themost commonly implemented test was to screen for diabetes(33%). Participants’ most frequent practice was “advise toperform physical activities”. Physicians’ knowledge sourcesdiffered significantly according to their position as regard CME(p=0.009), and regarding colleagues’ advice (p=0.041).The use of a log book for preventive medicine services differedaccording to physicians’ age (p=0.01). Barriers against deliveryof preventive services at NG PHC clinics differed according tophysicians’ position (p=0.012). Physicians’ age group was theonly significant independent variable (p=0.016) in the binarylogistic regression model for practicing preventive services atthe NG PHC clinics.Conclusions: PHC physicians at NG PHC clinics, especiallyyounger ones, address the importance of CME at and outsidePHC clinics, and having proper guidelines for applying clinicalpreventive services. The most frequently stated barrier todeliver evidence-based clinical preventive services is busyclinic time.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant and identification of some chemical constituents of Phyllanthus atropurpureus cultivated in Egypt

Investigation of the lipid constituents of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus atropurpureus resulted in isolation and identification of the fatty acid mixture which consists of eight acids with linolenic acid as major and the unsaponifiable fraction that contain a series of hydrocabons, sterols, in addition to one triterpene (α-amyrin). The acetone insoluble fraction was found to contain two fatty alcohols and three n-hydrocabons in which the n-eicosane is the most abundant (44.16%). The flavonoidal constituents were isolated from ethyl acetate and butanol fractions which were identified as: luteolin-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-(p-coumaroylglucoside), kaempferitrin, luteolin and kaempferol. Evaluation of different extracts as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChI), established the chloroform fraction as a promising inhibitor of the enzyme. The antioxidant testing with DPPH radical revealed the potential of precipitate from MeOH extract as a radical scavenger.

New Oral Anticoagulants versus Warfarin for Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Multi-Center, Observational Study / 대한뇌졸중학회지

No abstract available.

Periosteal Graft Myringoplasty: Our Experience

Abstract Introduction Different types of autologous graft materials are used for myringoplasty, with the temporalis fascia and cartilage being the most frequently used tissues. Periosteal tissue has been used for a long time in our department, and many advantages support its use in myringoplasty. To the best of our knowledge, this issue is scarcely discussed in the previously published literature. Objective To present our experience with periosteal graft myringoplasty, describing the technique and the anatomical and functional outcomes. Methods A prospective clinical study involving 88 patients (72 females and 16 males) with a mean age 26.9 years. The patients underwent myringoplasty using the mastoid cortex periosteum; they were all operated using the postauricular approach, and the graft was applied using the underlay technique. The patients performed pre- and postoperative pure tone audiometry for tested frequencies (0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz). All patients were followed-up for at least 12 months after the operation. Results The anatomical success rate among all patients was of 93%, which is comparable to the rate of success in procedures using other usual grafting materials. In addition, there was a highly significant postoperative improvement in pure tone audiometry results as compared with the preoperative ones (the main hearing gain was of ∼ 11 dB; p< 0.001). Conclusion The periosteal graft is easily harvested, easy to apply, with excellent anatomical and functional success.

Wandering spleen containing mesothelial cyst: a case report and review of literature

Wandering spleen, defined as a spleen without peritoneal attachment, is very rare and the presence of a cyst in it makes it even rarer. We report a case of a wandering spleencontaining a mesothelial cyst. The case presented with

recurrent lower abdominal pain. A CT scan was diagnostic, and laparoscopic assisted splenectomy was performed

1, 5 Anhydroglucitol evaluation as glycemic control parameter of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Background: 1, 5-Anhydroglucitol [1, 5-AG] provides a reliable opportunity to assess the frequency and extent of intermittent hyperglycemic episodes

Aim of the Work: this study aimed to evaluate an alternative parameter to monitor blood glucose in pregnancies complicated with diabetes mellitus by studying the relationship between 1,5 Anhydroglucitol and self-monitoring of blood glucose level in pregnant women complicated with diabetes mellitus

Patients and Methods: this cross-sectional study with retrospective data was conducted on seventy pregnant women known to have pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus attending Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital fulfilling the inclusion criteria of pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association

Results: this study revealed a highly significant negative correlation between MMG [mean maximum glycemia] and 1, 5 AG [r: -0.817, p-value: <0.001], also pre-prandial blood glucose level [r: -0.500, p-value: <0.001] and a negative correlation and highly significant was found between post prandial blood glucose level and 1, 5 AG [r: -0.640, p-value: <0.001]

Conclusion: 1, 5-AG is better than HbA1c as a tool for monitoring the glucose profile in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus especially for the hyperglycemic episodes

Recommendations: as majority of interpretations for utility of 1, 5-AG in pregnancy are based on scanty few clinical data so there is a scope of potential possibilities for its use in pregnancy and continuous research may allow its new applications and usefulness in pregnancy in the future

Pharmacological effects of ethanol extract of Egyptian Artemisia herba-alba in rats and mice

Objective: To investigate some pharmacological effects including gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and in vitro antioxidant effects of Artemisia herba-alba extract in different experimental models. Methods: Inflammation was induced in rat paw by subcutaneous injection of 1% (v/v) carrageenan solution. Writhes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% (v/v) acetic acid solution. Pyrexia was induced using Brewer's yeast suspension. Gastric lesion was induced in rats by oral administration of 99% ethanol. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and gastroprotective activities of Artemisia herba-alba extract were investigated respectively. In vitro antioxidant effect was investigated using DPPH free radical. Results: The plant extract showed anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, analgesic effect against acetic acid-induced writhing, and antipyretic activity in Brewer's yeast model of pyrexia. Besides, it was shown to be a gastroprotective agent against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The plant also exhibited a free radical scavenging potential in an in vitro antioxidant study using DPPH. Conclusions: The results validate the use of the investigated plant in traditional medicine for different ailments.

Cultural awareness between the privacy of the constants and global variables

The study aims to highlight the cultural awareness of teanagers between the privacy of the constants and global variables. It is the findings of the researcher in the study for a doctorate titled "The problems of new media and ways of facing them on a sample of teenagers", you must educate teenagers in various fields, such as awareness of identity, awareness of religion, awareness of the Arabic language of the Koran, awareness of oriental traditions and habits, awareness of expatriate culture and egyptianizing it, awareness of the English language of the age and predict the future, awareness of variables needed to enter the age, awareness of technological Innovations, warning parents, teachers and children of the downsides of technological innovations and make them aware of the technological skills so that they can join the labor market, succeed, marry and live happy. Income is very important [that who does not learn and master the technology skills is considered now backward, illiterate and never learnt, and difficult for him to catch the modern era and entering the labor market]. The researcher considers that the conscious family that guide their children and educate them about constants and prepare them for the modern era. The Upbringing institutions [family, school, media, club and mosque, etc.] must be involved in enlightenment, education and supporting teenagers

Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation: Results of Revision Surgery and Assessment of Factors that May Affect the Outcome. A Non-Concurrent Prospective Study

STUDY DESIGN: Non-concurrent prospective study. PURPOSE: To determine the functional outcome after open 'fragment' discectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation, and to analyze the factors that may affect the outcome. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Literature search revealed only four studies where the factors affecting the outcome of a revision surgery for recurrent disc herniation have been evaluated. None of these studies analyzed for diabetes, disc degeneration and facet arthropathy. We have analyzed these features, in addition to the demographic and clinical factors. METHODS: Thirty-four patients who underwent the procedure were followed up for an average period of 27.1 months. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to assess the functional outcome. Age, gender, smoking, diabetic status, duration of recurrent symptoms, the side of leg pain, level and type of disc herniation, degree of disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging, and facet joint arthritis before first and second surgeries, were analyzed as factors affecting the outcome. RESULTS: The average Hirabayashi improvement in JOA was 56.4%. The mean preoperative ODI was 74.5% and the mean ODI at final follow-up was 32.2%, the difference being statistically significant (p<0.01). Patients with diabetes, all of whom had poor long term glycemic control, were found to have a poor outcome in terms of ODI improvement (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Open fragment discectomy is a safe and effective surgical technique for the treatment of recurrent disc herniation. However, patients with uncontrolled diabetes may have a less favorable outcome.

Detection of genital mycoplasmas infections among infertile females

Detection of Genital Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum among infertile female patients attending gynecological clinic. Prospective study. Medical Center Gynecological Clinic, Khamis Mushayt City, Saudi Arabia. Duplicate genital Swabs for genital mycoplasmas were taken from two hundred and sixty-three infertile female patients between March 2011 and August 2012; the age range was 21 to 45 years. Agar plates were examined every 24-72 hours for the characteristic Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma hominis [M. hominis] colonies. Isolates were identified serologically as M. hominis or Ureaplasma urealyticum [U. urealyticum] by growth inhibition test [disc method]. Two genital mycoplasmas were detected out of 263 specimens by culture method. The positive specimens were identified as At. hominis. The result demonstrates lower values and further investigations for rapid detection of genital mycoplasmas in infertile female patients using PCR could be important and necessary for the detection of mycoplasmas infections

Histological study on the effect of gasoline on guinea pig epidermis: can flavonoid extract reverse this effect?

Car fuel, containing gasoline, is reported to have an irritative effect on mammalian skin. This study aimed to detect the cellular changes in the epidermis of male guinea pig back skin evoked by repeated exposure to gasoline and to evaluate the role of flavonoid extract in reversing these changes. Thirty-five guinea pigs, divided into a control [n=5] group I and an experimental [n=30] group II were used. The latter was divided into two subgroups; the guinea pigs in the first subgroup [group IIa] were painted with gasoline twice daily for 21 days and those in the second [group IIb] were treated with flavonoid extract after previous gasoline dermal application. Animal skin was dissected and processed for light and electron microscopic examination; further, statistical analysis was performed to compare the epidermal thickness in different groups. Naked eye examination of skin of guinea pigs in group IIa showed erythema and ulceration. In addition, a significant increase in epidermal thickness was observed by light microscopy. Ultrastructural changes include an ill-defined dermo-epidermal junction and basal layer cells showing an electron-dense cytoplasm, increased lysosomal dense bodies, and swollen mitochondria. Their nuclei showed an irregular nuclear envelope and peripheral chromatin condensation. The prickle layer cells showed dissolution of desmosomal junctions and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Granular cell layers showed a marked decrease in fibrillar contents and the horny layer showed separation of individual layers by flocculent-filled spaces. The flavonoid-treated group showed a significant decrease in epidermal thickness [compared with the gasoline-painted group] and most of the epidermal cells appeared normal with intact nuclei. Safety measures, as well as orientation programs, are recommended for car fuel-filling workers exposed to continuous contact with gasoline, to avoid its drastic effect on skin. Application of flavonoid orange extracts is recommended as they ameliorate this effect

Assessment the nurses performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube in Suez Canal university hospital

Chest tube care is one of the most important nursing procedures because patients who need chest tubes are usually seriously ill and require advanced nursing care. Accordingly, vigilant and expert nursing care can prevent serious complications. The aim of the present study is to assess nurses' performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The study was a descriptive research design was used to conduct this study; a total number of 70 nurses were selected randomly using systematic sampling technique. Data were collected for a period of four months, using two tools: Tool [1] Questionnaire sheets to assess nurses, knowledge about care provided to patients undergoing chest tube. Tool [2]: Observational checklist to assess the nurses' practice in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The results of the present study revealed that unsatisfactory level of performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube among nurses in the sample. There was significant relation between nurses, knowledge, practice and degree of qualification. Also there was no correlation between nurses, knowledge and practice .The study recommended that improve nurses, theoretical knowledge and clinical applications of chest tube care and continuous evaluation of nurse's knowledge and performance is essential to identify nurse's needs