Bilateral buccinator mucomuscular flaps with double opposing z-plasty for repair of wide and/or complete cleft palate

Furlow procedure remains our procedure of choice for narrow and incomplete clefts. In wide clefts of the palate there is no enough tissue present to allow closure of the cleft without side-to-side tightness as to impede drastically palatal function. In this study we have combined the Furlow technique with bilateral buccinator mucomuscular flaps. We repaired 12 wide and/or complete clefts by this technique. Only one postalveolar fistula was reported. Further follow-up is going on to evaluate the long term effects of this technique on speech and maxillary growth

Cytotoxicity of nonspecific activated macrophages

Partial resistance against Ehrlich ascites tumor [EAT] in Swiss albino mice was nonspecifically induced by single injection of a dead bacterial vaccine [i.p tumor +AD0- 90 ml/ kg body weight] rather than a living bacterial vaccine [i.p. tumor +AD0- 205 ml/ kg body weight] of the Gram- positive cocci of M. luteus, when compared to controls [i. P. tumor +AD0- 387 ml/ kg body weight]. Tumor inhibition was better noted in mice injected 4 and 7 days previously with living or dead bacteria respectively. The observed inhibition was related at least in part to the presence of activated macrophages in the peritoneum after vaccination. There was a proportional relationship between the macrophage of the i.p. tumor and the degree of inhibition+ADs- the more the inhibition the higher the content. Macrophage content was 16, 19 and 22+ACU- of total ascites cells, in mice given dead bacterial vaccine 1, 4 and 7 days previously, and developing ascites tumor measuring 330, 300 and 90 ml/kg body weight [on termination: 2 weeks post i.p. tumor transplantation] respectively. A similar correlation was observed in mice given living vaccine of the same bacteria. Although these findings of the apparent inhibition of i.p. tumor could be explained on the basis of local interaction between the activated macrophages and the ascites tumor cells, the associated inhibition of sc. tumor growth in the same host at challenge the site was encouraging enough to suggest that vaccination might bring activated macrophages in contact with tumor cells at distant sites of the disease +ADs- Sc. tumor measured 3, 9, and 13 cu mm in mice injected with the dead bacterial vaccine compared to 86 cu mm in the untreated controls. Similar inhibition was observed in mice given the living bacterial vaccine

Maintenance of ehrlich tumors in the ascites form in a tumor bank by intermittent subcutaneous transplantation

Young adult females albino mice were fed astandardized commercial diet, water and libitum. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was maintained by serial intraperitoneal or intermittent subcutaneous passage of the ascites tumor in normal recipients.The animals were daily inspected for subcutaneous tumor growths at inoculation sites. The tumor cell dose which developed into subcutaneous tumors in 50% of the animals [TD50] was calculated.The animals were inspected periodically for peritoneal involvement with ascites tumors

search for a possible human breast cancer virus: I Cross reaction with MMTV

Sera from 7 Egyptian women with breast cancer were tested by agar gel immunodiffusion [GID] for the presence of precipitins reactive with MMTV-extracts from 3 spontaneous, and one transplantable, mouse tumors. Serum of one patient [14%] reacted with one only of the three spontaneous tumors, whereas sera of 3 patients [42%] reacted with the transplantable tumors. Difference in results were attributable to the difference antigenic components of MMTV in the different extracts, and suggested that human antibody was directed to the intracytoplasmic A-particles, rather than to the B-particles. Studies with unabsorbed and absorbed anti-human breast cancer rabbit antisera showed, on the other hand, that breast cancer tissue contained immunogenic components antigenically related to MMTV. The results of absorption indicate that at least a part of the reaction with MMTV-extracts may be due to heterophile antigens. Absorption, however, did not abolish the reactivity of habbit antisera with two of the intracytoplasmic type-A virus preparations. Virus-like particles were present in electron microscope micrographs of breast cancer in Egyptian women, showing both A- and B- particles morphology

Serum proteins and immunoglobulins in patients with carcinoma of the bilharzial bladder

The sera of 25 patients suffering from advanced stages [T3 and T4] of carcinoma of the bilharzial urinary bladder were examined for serum proteins and immunoglobulin levels. In addition, sera of 16 bilharzial cystitis patients and of 16 normal healthy individuals were included in the study. While there was a reduction in the albumin level and an increase in alpha-1, alpha-2, and gamma globulin levels in the sera of the 25 cancer patients, the beta globulins remained apparently unchanged and the alpha-2/beta ratio had therefore inverted values [1.5] as compared to normal controls [0.9]. A definite increase in IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE fractions in bilharzial bladder cancer patients was found. The immunoglobulin levels were higher in patients with T3 than with T4 lesions. On the other hand, there was a marked decrease in the non-immunoglobulin component[s] in sera of the cancer patients. This decrease was noted more in patients with T4 than in those with T3 lesions. Serum proteins and immunoglobulins in the bilharzial cystitis patients had intermediate values more or less midway between the bladder cancer patients and the normal controls