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Background: Dietary assessment is important to give nutritional counseling, to monitor ongoing nutritional transition, and to initiate public health policies. However, dietary intake measurement is a challenge, as type of food, portion size, and food habits vary immensely. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare 24 h recall and 3-day dietary cycle with 7-day dietary cycle as dietary assessment tool at community level in the rural part of Southern part of India. Materials and Methods: It is a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in a rural community of H D Kote Taluk of Mysuru district. Fifty-five houses were selected randomly by lottery method. Medical social workers were trained and data were collected regarding dietary consumption from the households and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results: Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used and inferential statistics such as one-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in the recorded calorie intake by three methods of dietary assessment; f (2,) = 10.109, P < 0.00. Bonferroni post hoc revealed significant higher recordings by 24 h recall method (2422.56 ± 1581) compared to 3-day dietary cycle (1462.14 ± 761) and 7-day dietary cycle (1782.97 ± 682.6). No significant statistical difference was noted between 3-day dietary cycle and 7-day dietary cycle. Conclusion: Three-day dietary cycle method could replace 7-day dietary cycle method for community-based dietary assessment, as it provides results comparable to the gold standard 7-day dietary assessment method and it is less time consuming, cost effective and ensures better compliance.
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Background: Self-care activities are the cornerstone of diabetes care that ensures patients participation to achieve optimal glycemic control and to prevent complications. Objective: The aim of this study is to find the level of self-care activities among diabetics aged ?20 years residing in a resettlement colony in East Delhi and its association with sociodemographic factors, disease, and treatment profile. Methods: Using cross-sectional survey, 168 known diabetic patients were selected from Nand Nagri, a resettlement colony in East Delhi. Data were collected using Hindi translation of revised version-Summary of Diabetic Self Care Activities along with a pretested semi-open-ended questionnaire. Self-care was assessed on six parameters as follows: (a) general diet, (b) specific diet, (c) exercise, (d) blood sugar testing, (e) foot-care, and (f) smoking. The study period was from November 2014 to April 2016. Results: Nearly 35.1% of respondents belonged to 60� years age group. About 52.4% of respondents were female. Fifty-two diabetics (31%) reported having practised diet control on all 7 days in the past 1 week. Nearly 39.3% of patients did not perform any physical activity. The blood test was not practised by 92.3% of respondents. Foot-care was practised by only 19% of patients. There was a significant association between general diet among diabetics with family support (P = 0.020), place of diagnosis (P = 0.033), and treatment funds (P = 0.017). The exercise score among diabetics who were below the poverty line was higher than those above poverty line (P = 0.029). Younger age (P = 0.005) and treatment with insulin (P = 0.008) were positively associated with blood glucose testing. The foot-care practice was better in patients aware of complications and foot-care practices (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-care activities among diabetic patients were very poor. Self-management educational programs at hospitals along with information, education, and communication activities at the community level and one-to-one counseling are recommended.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCCB 123 was grown in a synthetic medium for β-1,3 glucanase production. From the culture filtrate, β-1,3 glucanase was purified with a molecular mass of 45 kDa. The enzyme was a metallozyme as its β-1,3 glucanase activity got inhibited by the metal chelator EDTA. Optimum pH and temperature for β-1,3 glucanase activity on laminarin was found to be 7 and 50 °C respectively. The MCCB 123 β-1,3 glucanase was found to have good lytic action on a wide range of fungal isolates, and hence its application in fungal DNA extraction was evaluated. β-1,3 glucanase purified from the culture supernatant of P. aeruginosa MCCB 123 could be used for the extraction of fungal DNA without the addition of any other reagents generally used. Optimum pH and temperature of enzyme for fungal DNA extraction was found to be 7 and 65 °C respectively. This is the first report on β-1,3 glucanase employed in fungal DNA extraction.