Pattern of chromosomal abnormalities in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]

To study the cytogenetic profile of newly diagnosed patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]. Prospective case control study. Tertiary care hospital in India. Newly diagnosed patients with pediatric ALL. Karyotype analysis of bone marrow aspirate samples by routine G-Banding technique and analysis as per International System for Cytogenetic Nomenclature [ISCN], 2005 criteria. Cytogenetic parameters. The study included 23 male and eight female patients [M:F = 2.8:1]. ALL-L2 was the most common morphlogical phenotype [18 / 31, 58%]. Sixteen out of thirty one [51.6%] patients were hypodiploid [2n < 46], 10 / 31 [32.0%] hyperdiploid [2n >46] and 5/ 31 [16.0%] aneuploid. Among hypodiploid groups, nine [29.0%] had modal chromosome number as 40-45, five [16.0%] as 31-39 and two [6.5%] as 25-30. Among hyperdiploid group, 7 [22.5%] had modal chromosome number as 51-60 followed by 2n = 47-50 [three patients, 6.5%]. The chromosomes [Chr] 2, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19 gain of Chr 4, 8, 10, 14 and 20 were observed in hyperdiploid group. Translocation t [10;14], t [9;22], t [2;22], t [8;22] and t [4;11] were seen in 04 [12.8%], 03 [9.6%], 02 [6.4% each] and one patient [3.2%] respectively. Adverse cytogenetic parameters such as hypodiploidy and translocations such as t [10;14], t [9;22], t [2;22], t [8;22] and t [4;11] were more common in our cohort of patients

Bilateral mycotic cerebral abscess due to aspergillosis--a case report.

Aspergillosis of central nervous system is an uncommon infection mainly occurring in immunocompromised patient. It may be present in several forms: abscess, meningitis, mycotic aneurysm, infarction and in tumoral form. Here we report a case of cerebral aspergillosis presenting as bilateral frontal lobe abscess without evidence of any underlying systemic disorder or extracranial disease.

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma in an elderly female.

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma (EPA) is a rare vascular tumor of low grade malignancy, encountered primarily in children. However some cases have also been reported in adults. A sixty year old female with EPA is described here. She presented with a swelling in the neck. Total surgical excision was performed. Histomorphology revealed anastomosing lymphatic channels showing intraluminal papillary fronds with hyaline vascular cores and hobnailing of endothelial cells. A diagnosis of EPA was made based on this picture. This tumor is recurrent and nodal metastasis has been reported in some cases.

Cerebellar haemangioblastoma mimicking renal cell carcinoma--a case report.

Haemangioblastoma is a rare benign vascular tumor commonly seen in the cerebellum. There is a striking histologic similarity between cellular variant of haemangioblastoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We present a case of haemangioblastoma in a 32-year-old male. Histology revealed a highly vascular tumor composed of clear cells in a lobular arrangement.

Plasma cell leukemia masquerading as ALL-L3--a case report.

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare type of plasma cell dyscrasia. It is diagnosed when circulating plasma cells (PC) are more than 20%. We present a case of PCL in a 62-year-old female. Peripheral smear revealed more than 80% atypical vacuolated plasma cells (Mott cells) almost mimicking Burkitt cells of Acute Lymphoid Leukemia-L3 (ALL-L3). Bone marrow aspirate revealed few mature myeloma cells for which a diagnosis of PCL was thought of. Serum electrophoresis showed a positive M-band and X-ray revealed lytic lesions over femur & pelvic bones. A final diagnosis of PCL was given.