RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE SUCCESS OF IMPLANT-SUPPORTED TOTAL PROSTHESES ON CONICAL EXTERNAL HEXAGON IMPLANTS AND 6-MONTH FOLLOW-UP AFTER INSTALLATION OF THE PROSTHESES

The development of dental implants has revolutionized the rehabilitation possibilities for partially or totally edentulous patients. The long-term success of the dental implant depends on osseointegration and this is achieved by the combination of two essential stabilities: primary and secondary. Implant-supported prostheses are a great evolution for these treatments, positively interfering in the quality of life of the population, as they generate function and aesthetics for the patient. Thus, the present study aimed to radiographically evaluate complete dentures supported by an external hexagon conical implant in the anterior region of the mandible. More specifically, to evaluate the feasibility of using these implants in cortical bone of the mandible, to verify the success rate regarding the significance of peri-implant bone loss and to compare peri-implant bone loss between patients.

Description of custom thread IGM technique with use of PDO facial support threads in the orofacial harmonization

The aim of this article was to describe a thread lifting procedure used for face lifting and skin rejuvenation, developed by the Doctor Molina Dental Institute (IGM, in the Portuguese acronym), termed "IGM custom thread technique" that has shown excellent results in facial tissue repositioning for facial harmonization. In this study, rather than presenting the results, we have described and discussed the proposed custom thread injection technique.

Management of dental caries lesions in Latin American and Caribbean countries

Abstract Caries management at the lesion level is dependent on the lesion activity, the presence of a cavitation (either cleanable or non-cleanable), and lesion depth as evaluated via radiographic examination. A variety of non-invasive, micro-invasive, and minimally invasive treatment (with or without restoration) options are available for primary and permanent teeth. Non-invasive strategies include oral hygiene instructions, dietary counseling, and personal as well as professional use of fluoridated products that reduce demineralization and increase re-mineralization. Micro-invasive procedures include the use of occlusal resin sealants and resin infiltrants, while minimally invasive strategies comprise those related to selective removal of caries tissues and placement of restorations. Deep caries management includes indirect pulp capping, while exposed pulp may be treated using direct pulp capping and partial or complete pulpotomy. The aim of the present study was to review available evidence on recommended preventive and restorative strategies for caries lesions in Latin American/Caribbean countries, and subsequently develop evidence-based recommendations for treatment options that take into consideration material availability, emphasize ways to adapt available treatments to the local context, and suggest ways in which dentists and health systems can adopt these treatments.

Fusión de ecocardiografía 2D/3D-fluoroscopia: nueva herramienta en el intervencionismo cardiaco / Fusion of 2 D and 3 D echocardiography with fluoroscopy: a new tool in cardiac interventionism

Resumen La evolución en el intervencionismo estructural percutáneo ha generado un desarrollo paralelo en las técnicas de imagen avanzada. Teniendo en cuenta que este tipo de procedimientos requiere un entendimiento total de la anatomía cardiaca y con el fin de garantizar los mejores resultados y seguridad para el paciente durante procedimientos complejos, se desarrolló un software capaz de fusionar la fluoroscopia y la ecocardiografía 3 D en una sola imagen. La tecnología del Echonavigator® integra dos técnicas de imágenes dinámicas de un corazón en movimiento; el adecuado co-registro y visualización de fluoroscopia y ecocardiografía transesofágica 2D/3D es la clave en la obtención de resultados óptimos. La fusión de dos imágenes dinámicas en tiempo real es una herramienta factible y segura en los procedimientos de intervencionismo estructural del corazón; los estudios iniciales han logrado disminuir el tiempo de realización de los procedimientos y las dosis de radiación al paciente. El futuro es prometedor y su progresiva expansión de uso teniendo en cuenta su reciente aparición, aportará más datos en el crecimiento de esta tecnología.

Abstract The evolution of percutaneous structural interventionism has led to the simultaneous development of advanced imaging techniques. Taking into account that these types of procedures require a full understanding of cardiac anatomy, and with the aim of ensuring the best results and patient safety during complex procedures, a software program was developed that was capable of fusing and 3D-echocardiography into a single image. The Echonavigator® technology combines two dynamic imaging techniques of a heart in movement. The appropriate co-recording and visualising of fluoroscopy and 2D/3D transoesophageal echocardiography is essential for obtaining optimal results. The fusion of two images in real-time is a feasible and safe tool in structural heart interventionist procedures. Initial studies have managed to decrease the time of performing the procedures, as well as the dose of radiation to the patient. The future is promising, and its gradual expansion of use, taking into account its recent appearance, will provide more data on the growth of this technology.

Estratificación de disfunción diastólica y patrones de llenado del ventrículo izquierdo en pacientes llevados a ecocardiografía en un centro de tercer nivel según las Guías de la Sociedad Americana de Ecocardiografía y la Asociación Europea de Imágenes Cardíacas 2016 / Echocardiographic diastolic disfunction and left ventricle filling patterns in patients studied in a terciary level center according to American Society of echocardiography/ European association of cardiovascular imaging 2016 Guidelines

OBJECTIVE: Characterize the degree of diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular filling patterns according to the 2016 ASE Guidelines applied in a population of patients taken to echocardiography in a reference center in the city of Medellín between February and June 2017. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was performed in patients undergoing echocardiography. Patients with atrial fibrillation, pacemaker implantation, AV block, mitral ring calcification, any degree of mitral stenosis, mitral insufficiency were excluded. An initial descriptive explora tory analysis was carried out by frequencies and percentages for the categorical variables and measures of central tendency (mean or median according to the normal distribution of the data) for the quantitative variables. Subsequently, it is compared with the different degrees of diastolic dysfunction with respect to age by t-Student test and with respect to categorical variables by 2. RESULTS: A total of 610 patients were recruited, of which 75 were withdrawn from the sample by the exclusion criteria, 530 patients were included of which 198 (37%) were classified as grade I diastolic dysfunction, 63 (11.7%) grade II, 29 (5.4%) grade III, 38 (7.1%) undetermined and 207 (39%) without diastolic dysfunction. The age of the patients stratified in any degree of diastolic dysfunction was significantly higher in comparison with patients without diastolic dysfunction (p < 0.001). Hypertension was the most important associated comorbidity in patients with diastolic dysfunction grade I (in 54%), grade II (in 50%), while coronary disease was the most frequent concomitant in the presence of diastolic dysfunction grade III (in 48%). The E/e' ratio greater than 14 was present in 35% of cases with grade II diastolic dysfunction and in 72% of cases with grade III diastolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Diastolic dysfunction is a very frequent finding (323/530, 61%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity associated in grades I, II of diastolic dysfunction, while coronary disease with grade III. The increase in the E/e' > 14 ratio as an indicator of increased population pressure was present in 35% of patients with grade II diastolic dysfunction and in 72% of patients with grade III dysfunction. Diastolic function was classified as undetermined in 7.1% of the total patient population. The ASE/EACVI Guidelines allowed the classification in different degrees of diastolic dysfunction in the majority of patients evaluated (94%). Other methods of diagnostic evaluation are necessary to adequately classify the group of patients with indeterminate diastolic function.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el grado de disfunción diastólica y patrones de llenado del ventrículo izquierdo según las Guías ASE/EACVI 2016 aplicadas en una población de pacientes llevados a ecocardiografía en un centro de referencia de la ciudad de Medellín entre febrero y junio de 2017. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en pacientes llevados a ecocardiografía. Fueron excluidos pacientes con fibrilación auricular, implante de marcapasos, bloqueo AV, calcificación del anillo mitral, cualquier grado de estenosis mitral, insuficiencia mitral severa y válvula mitral protésica. Se realizó un análisis exploratorio inicial de tipo descriptivo mediante frecuencias y porcentajes para variables categóricas y medidas de tendencia central (media o mediana según la distribución normal de los datos) para variables cuantitativas. Posteriormente, se compararon los diferentes grados de disfunción diastólica respecto a la edad mediante prueba t-Student y respecto a variables categóricas mediante 2. RESULTADOS: Se reclutaron un total de 610 pacientes, de los cuales 75 fueron retirados de la muestra por cumplir criterios de exclusión, se incluyeron 535 pacientes de los cuales 198 (37%) se estratificaron como disfunción diastólica grado I, 63 (11,7%) grado II, 29 (5,4%) grado III, 38 (7,1%) indeterminado y 207 (38,6%) sin disfunción diastólica. La edad de los pacientes estratificados en cualquier grado de disfunción diastólica fue significativamente mayor en comparación con los pacientes sin disfunción diastólica (p < 0,001). La hipertensión arterial fue la comorbilidad asociada más importante en los pacientes con disfunción diastólica grado I (en 54%), grado II (en 50%), mientras que la enfermedad coronaria fue la más frecuente comorbilidad encontrada en la presencia de disfunción diastólica grado III (en 48%). La relación E/e' mayor a 14 estuvo presente en el 35% de los casos con disfunción diastólica grado II y en el 72% de los casos con disfunción diastólica grado III. CONCLUSIÓN: La disfunción diastólica es un hallazgo muy frecuente (323/530, 61%). La hipertensión arterial fue la comorbilidad más frecuentemente asociada en los grados I, II de disfunción diastólica, mientras que la enfermedad coronaria con el grado III. El aumento de la relación E/e´ >14 como parámetro indicativo de aumento de la presión de llenado estuvo presente en el 35% de los pacientes con disfunción diastólica grado II y en el 72% de los pacientes con disfunción grado III. La función diastólica se clasificó como indeterminada en el 7,1% de la población total de pacientes. Las Guías ASE/EACVI permitieron la clasificación en diferentes grados de disfunción diastólica en la mayoría de los pacientes evaluados (94%). Otros métodos de evaluación diagnóstica serán necesarios para clasificar adecuadamente al grupo de pacientes con función diastólica indeterminada.

Evaluaton of hexagon deformation of dental implant regarding to the insertion force

The aim of this study is to evaluate hexagon deformation of dental implant regarding to the insertion force, verifying the external hexagon platforms before and after each torque performed. Thereunto, 25 implants were selected and divided into 5 groups with 5 implants each one; every group received different torque 10N, 20N, 30N, 40N and 100N. A Surgical torque wrench was used, with the implant installation key, what established the insertion force for each group. The platform measurements were carried out before and after apply the torque by analyses of images acquired through implant platforms. We conclude, by this study methodology, 100N forces were able to cause changes on hexagon dimensions; however, it did not damage the prosthesis platform adaptation.

Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni / Li-Fraumeni syndrome

El síndrome de Li-Fraumeni se caracteriza por la aparición de tumores en múltiples órganos, generalmente a temprana edad. Esta condición hereditaria es causada por mutaciones germinales en el gen TP53 , que codifica el gen supresor tumoral p53 . Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 31 años con diagnóstico clínico y molecular de síndrome de Li-Fraumeni, que presentó dos tumores sincrónicos a los 31 años: un leiomiosarcoma de antebrazo y un tumor filoides de mama. Tenía el antecedente de un hijo con diagnóstico de carcinoma cortical suprarrenal a los tres años, que falleció a los cinco años debido a la enfermedad. Además, su abuela y su bisabuela maternas habían fallecido de cáncer gástrico a los 56 y 60 años, respectivamente, y la madre y una hermana de su abuelo materno presentaron cáncer de mama pasados los 60 y los 40 años de edad, respectivamente. Después de una asesoría genética, se ordenó hacer la secuenciación completa y el análisis de duplicaciones y deleciones en el gen TP53 . El estudio molecular en una muestra de ADN proveniente de linfocitos de sangre periférica reveló la mutación germinal c.527G>T (p.Cys176Phe) en el exón 5 del gen, mutación deletérea descrita anteriormente en tejidos tumorales. Hasta donde se sabe, este es el primer caso que se publica en Colombia de síndrome de Li-Fraumeni con diagnóstico molecular confirmado. El diagnóstico y el manejo del síndrome de Li-Fraumeni deben estar a cargo de un equipo multidisciplinario, y debe contarse con asesoría genética para el paciente y sus familiares.

The Li-Fraumeni syndrome is characterized clinically by the appearance of tumors in multiple organs generally at an early age. This hereditary condition is caused by germinal mutations in the TP53 gene, which codifies for the tumoural suppressor gene p53 . We present the case of a patient aged 31 with clinical and molecular diagnosis of Li-Fraumeni syndrome who presented two synchronous tumors: a leiomyosarcoma on the forearm and a phyllodes breast tumour. She had a family history of cancer, including a son diagnosed with a cortical adrenal carcinoma when he was three years old, who died at five from the disease. Furthermore, her maternal grandmother and great-grandmother died of stomach cancer at 56 and 60 years old, respectively, while her other great-grandmother and a great aunt presented with breast cancer at the ages of 60 and 40, respectively. After genetic counseling, complete sequencing and analysis of duplications and deletions in the TP53 gene were ordered prior to diagnosis. The molecular analysis of a DNA sample taken from peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed the germinal mutation c.527G>T (p.Cys176Phe) on exon 5 of the TP53 gene, a deleterious mutation described previously in tumoural tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first published case in Colombia of Li-Fraumeni syndrome with confirmed molecular diagnosis. The diagnosis and management of Li-Fraumeni syndrome should be performed by a multidisciplinary team, and genetic counselling should be offered to patients and their relatives.

Evaluación ecocardiográfica de la gravedad de la estenosis aórtica e inconsistencias entre los criterios diagnósticos / Echocardiographic evaluation of aortic stenosis severity and inconsistencies amongst diagnostic criteria

Objetivo: Se ha reportado discrepancia en el grado de severidad de la estenosis aórtica por la ecocardiografía basado en las guías. Exploramos las inconsistencias entre los parámetros doppler y el área valvular aórtica en grupos de pacientes con anillo aórtico: pequeño, promedio y grande. Métodos: Análisis transversal retrospectivo de ecocardiografías desde los años 2010 hasta el 2014 de los pacientes con: estenosis aórtica, fracción de eyección ≥ 50%, gradiente medio ≥ 20 mmHg y área valvular aórtica ≤ 1,5 cm², divididos en tres grupos: anillo aórtico pequeño 1,3-1,8 cm, anillo aórtico promedio 1,9-2,2 cm y anillo aórtico grande mayor de 2,3 cm. Resultados: De 245 pacientes, el 47% hombres, presentaban el área valvular aórtica por continuidad (AVA) 0,84 ± 0,29 cm² y el gradiente medio fue de 34,8 mmHg. La estenosis aórtica paradójica con bajo flujo bajo el gradiente se presentó en el 11,8%. La correlación más fuerte fue entre el anillo aórtico y la talla. El punto de corte del AVA de 1 cm² fue consistente para pacientes con el anillo aórtico promedio y grande. El índice doppler fue el parámetro con la correlación más fuerte con el AVA en todos los grupos. La indexación de AVA por el área de superficie corporal y la talla no mejoró la discrepancia en pacientes con el anillo aórtico pequeño. Conclusiones: Los parámetros que evalúan el grado de gravedad de la estenosis aórtica basados en las guías actuales son consistentes en pacientes con el anillo aórtico grande y promedio. El punto de corte para la estenosis aórtica es variable y dependiente del anillo aórtico y debe considerar revisión de puntos de corte en las guías para pacientes con el anillo aórtico pequeño.

We explore inconsistencies of doppler parametres and aortic valve area in patient groups with a small, average and large aortic ring. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of echocardiograms between 2010 and 2014 in patients with aortic stenosis, ejection fraction ≥ 50%, average gradient ≥ 20 mmHg and aortic valve area ≤ 1.5 cm², were divided into three groups: small aortic ring 1.3-1.8 cm, average aortic ring 1.9-2.2 cm and large aortic ring, larger than 2.3 cm. Results: Out of 245 patients, 47% of whom were men, presented the aortic valve area (AVA) continuity 0.84 ± 0.29 cm² and the average gradient was 34.8 mmHg. Paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis was present in 11.8% of the cases. Strongest correlation was found between the aortic ring and the size. AVA cut point of 1 cm² was consistent for patients with an average and large aortic ring. Doppler index was the parametres with the highest correlation with AVA in all groups. The AVA indexing according to the body surface and not the size did not improve discrepancies for patients with small aortic rings. Conclusions: Parametres that assess the degree of severity of aortic stenosis based on current guidelines are consistent for patients with a large and average aortic ring. Aortic stenosis cut point varies and depends on the aortic ring; a review of the guidelines of the cut points for patients with a small aortic ring should be considered.

Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático: atualidades e perspectivas / Atraumatic Restorative Treatment: advances and perspectives

O Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (Atraumatic Restorative Treatment) atualmente é entendido como uma abordagem minimamente invasiva que compreende medidas preventivas, terapêuticas e restauradoras em relação à cárie dental e no controle dessa doença, inclusive no atendimento à pacientes especiais. O tratamento é feito apenas com a utilização de instrumentos manuais e com o uso do cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV), aplicado para o selamento de cicatrículas e fissuras em risco de cárie e na restauração de dentes com cavidades nas quais as fissuras adjacentes também são seladas. As razões mais frequentes para as falhas das restaurações ART estão associadas ao deslocamento do ionômero de vidro em função de insuficiente remoção de esmalte desmineralizado e dentina decomposta; manipulação inadequada do pó/líquido do ionômero de vidro; grau de umidade e temperatura da mistura do ionômero no momento da manipulação; não preenchimento completo da cavidade com o material restaurador; contaminação por saliva e/ou sangue; limpeza ou condicionamento insuficiente das cavidades; grau de cooperação do paciente; habilidade do operador. Materiais com propriedades estéticas melhoradas têm surgido no mercado odontológico e devem servir de estímulo para a realização de trabalhos de ART nos dentes anteriores. No preparo do dente para as restaurações de ART de Classe II, é recomendável confeccionar retenções adicionais nas paredes vestibular e lingual para evitar o deslocamento da restauração. O ART é capaz de diminuir o nível de ansiedade e medo dos pacientes quando o operador não é um especialista, além de ser um tratamento que proporciona menor dor e desconforto, podendo ser realizado num consultório odontológico ou fora dele. Sugestões para novas agendas de pesquisa sobre o ART são propostas.

The Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (A R T) is understood as a minimally invasive approach comprising preventive, therapeutic and restorative measures in relation to dental caries and in the control of this disease, including in attendance to patients of special needs. The treatment is done only with the use of hand instruments and with the use of glass ionomer cement (GIC), applied to the sealing of pits and fissures in caries risk and in the restoration of teeth with cavities in which the adjacent pits and fissures are also sealed. The most frequent reasons for the failures of ART restorations are the displacement of the glass ionomer due to inadequate removal of demineralized enamel and dentin decomposed; improper handling of the glass ionomer powder and liquid; degree of humidity and temperature of the mix GIC at the time of handling; not full fill of the cavity with the restorative material; contamination by saliva and/or blood; cleaning or conditioning of cavities; degree of cooperation of the patient; skill of the operator. Materials with improved aesthetic properties have emerged on the market and must serve as a stimulus for the works of ART in the anterior teeth. In the preparation of the tooth for class II ART restorations, we recommend that you make additional retentions in the vestibular and lingual walls to prevent the displacement of the restoration. The ART is able to reduce the level of anxiety and fear of patients when the operator is not an expert, and is a treatment that provides less pain and discomfort, and can be performed in a dental office or out of it. Suggestions for new research agendas on the ART are proposed.

Relação do índice de massa corpórea com as mudanças na geometria e função cardíaca em 5.898 pacientes valiados por Ecocardiografia Transtorácica / Relationship of Body Mass Index with Changes in Cardiac Geometry and Function in 5.898 Patients Evaluated

Introdução: Este estudo descreve a relação entre índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e a geometria e função cardíacaanalisada por ecocardiografia transtorácica. Materiais e métodos: Analisaram-se 5.898 estudos ecocardiográficos, numa faixa de idade entre 18,0 e 98,6 anos. Resultados: O IMC variou de 15,23 a 49,61 Kg/m2. O aumento do IMC teve uma associação direta estatisticamente significativa com a massa ventricular esquerda, observando-se inicialmente hipertrofia concêntrica leve, que se faz excêntrica na medida em que aumenta, especialmente quando se normaliza pela relação alométrica (altura2,7). Também observou-se aumento do volume de ejeção e do débito cardíaco e evidenciou-se associação inversa entre o índice de massa corpórea e a relação E/A de enchimento mitral, com diminuição sigificativa da velocidade de e’ doDoppler tecidual, demonstrando-se disfunção diastólica do tipo alteração do relaxamento do ventrículo esquerdono indivíduo com sobrepeso ou obeso. Observou-se aumento discreto, porém significativo, da área e do volumeindexado do átrio esquerdo para a massa corpórea. Não houve diferenças na geometria e função do ventrículo direito. Conclusões: O presente estudo evidenciou uma associação direta significativa entre o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e a massa miocárdica ventricular esquerda. A indexação da massa do VE à altura2,7 evita artefatos relacionados à normalização pela área de superfície corpórea, principalmente em indivíduos com obesidade grau II e III.

Introduction: This study describes the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the cardiac geometry and heart function assessed bytransthoracic echocardiography.Materials and methods: We analyzed 5,898 echocardiographic studies in an age range between 18.0 and 98.6 years.Results: The BMI ranged from 15.23 to 49.61 kg/m2 . The increased BMI had a statistically significant direct association with left ventricular mass initially observing a light concentric hypertrophy, which becomes eccentric as it increases, especially when allometric ratio is normalized (Height2.7). An increase in ejection volume and cardiac output was observed, as well as an inverse association between body mass index and the E/A ratio of mitral filling, with a significant reduction of e’ velocity of tissue Doppler, showing a relaxation-type diastolic dysfunction in overweight or obese individuals. We observed a slight yet significant increase in the left atrial area and volume indexed to body mass. There were no differences in the right ventricular geometry and function.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated a significant direct association between the increase in BMI and LV myocardial mass. IndexingLV mass to height 2.7 avoids artifacts related to body mass index, especially in subjects with grade II and III obesity.

Acceptability, feasibility and perceived satisfaction of the use of the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment approach for people with disability

Unmet caries treatment need is prevalent among people with disability, partly due to difficulties cooperating with conventional dental treatment. This study compared Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) with conventional restorative treatment (CRT) in the clinic and under general anaesthesia (GA), in terms of feasibility, acceptability and respondent satisfaction in patients referred for special care dentistry. Patients referred for dental restorative care were treated using either ART or CRT approach. Acceptance, feasibility and level of satisfaction with the treatment provided were assessed. ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and Chi-square tests investigated differences in age, gender and Visual Analogue Scale satisfaction scores. A total of 66 patients (mean 13.6 ± 7.8 years) were included and 43 respondents chose ART. ART was feasible for 47 patients, with optimal placement of restorations for 79% of all patients receiving ART. CRT in the clinic was chosen by 15 respondents and was feasible for 5 (33%). Local anaesthesia was required for 4 of the 47 patients receiving ART and for 3 of the 5 patients receiving CRT in the clinic. Neither ART nor CRT could be performed in the clinic for 14 patients who were treated under GA (21%). Respondent satisfaction was higher for those receiving ART than CRT (in the clinic and under GA). It was concluded that ART is a satisfactory, feasible, acceptable and effective approach to restorative dental treatment in patients with disability who have difficulty coping with conventional treatment. More research is now required to confirm these results in a larger study population.

Aneurisma idiopático do ventrículo esquerdo / Idiopatic left ventricle aneurysm / Aneurisma Idiopático del Ventrículo Izquierdo

El aneurisma idiopático del ventrículo izquierdo es una entidad clínica poco común y raramente descrita en la literatura que usualmente se origina en la región anular subaórtica o submitral, y su etiología no isquémica permanece poco establecida. Esta patología puede tener diferentes presentaciones clínicas desde regurgitación mitral e insuficiencia cardíaca, hasta arritmias ventriculares potencialmente fatales y muerte súbita. Aunque la gran mayoría de casos inicialmente fueron descritos en población de raza negra, se ha descrito también en población caucásica en menor incidencia. En la actualidad, el uso de multimodalidad de imágenes permite un mejor tamizaje y caracterización de las lesiones. A continuación se presenta un reporte de caso en una paciente sin evidencia de enfermedad coronaria conocida, y presencia en imágenes de ecocardiografía y resonancia magnética cardíaca de lesión aneurismática subvalvular mitral idiopática con compromiso funcional de la válvula mitral, y en la cual se descartaron otras causas etiológicas, siendo llevada a corrección quirúrgica con una adecuada evolución posterior al procedimiento. El diagnóstico fue confirmado con examen histopatológico, estudio de serología y perfil inmunológico...

Idiopathic left ventricle aneurysm is an uncommon clinical entity and seldom described in literature which usually originates in the annular subaortic or sub-mitral region, and its non ischemic etiology remains unknown. This pathology may have different clinical presentations ranging from mitral regurgitation and heart failure to ventricular arrhythmias potentially fatal as well as sudden death. Even though the vast majority of cases were described among black population, it has also been described among Caucasian population with lower incidence though. At present, the use of multimodality images allows for better screening and characterization of the lesions. Hereinafter is presented a case report of a patient without evidence of known coronary heart disease, and presence in echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of aneurysmal idiopathic mitral subvalvular injury compromising the functioning of mitral valve, discarding other etiologic causes, the surgical correction being concluded with an adequate evolution after the procedure. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination, serology and immune profile study...

O aneurisma idiopático do ventrículo esquerdo é uma entidade clínica pouco comum e raramente descrita na literatura que usualmente se origina na região anular sub-aórtica ou sub-mitral, e sua etiologia não isquêmica permanece pouco estabelecida. Esta patologia pode ter diferentes apresentações clínicas desde regurgitação mitral e insuficiência cardíaca, até arritmias ventriculares potencialmente fatais e morte súbita. Embora a grande maioria de casos inicialmente fosse descrita em população de raça negra, se tem descrito também em população caucasiana em menor incidência. Na atualidade, o uso de multi-modalidade de imagens permite uma melhor triagem e caracterização das lesões. A seguir é apresentado caso em uma paciente sem evidência de doença coronariana conhecida, e presença em imagens de ecocardiografia e ressonância magnética cardíaca de lesão aneurismática sub-valvular mitral idiopática com comprometimento funcional da válvula mitral, e na qual se descartaram outras causas etiológicas, sendo feita a correção cirúrgica com uma adequada evolução posterior ao procedimento. O diagnóstico foi confirmado com exame histopatológico, estudo de sorologia e perfil imunológico...

Influence of hormonal variation on periodontal tissues during premenstrual and preovulatory periods

The aim of this work was to evaluate the hormonal influence on periodontal tissues in two moments: premenstrual and preovulatory, in women whose are in the reproductive phase between 18 and 45 years. The sample is composed by 30 women, who were analyzed following the inclusion criteria as: not pregnant women, who are not using contraceptive or other means of hormonal replacement, who were not in the menopause and who did not present systemic diseases. The periodontal exams were accomplished in two periods: premenstrual and preovulatory, when it was verified blee din gon probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) indexes. The premenstrual period obtained greater bleeding on probing index when compared with preovulatory period, showing a statistically significant difference. However, in spite of the probing depth measurements have been greater in the premenstrual period (1.684±0.4728) than in the preovulatoryone (1.679 ± 0.4749); the differences were not statistically significant. Basin gon the resultsand according to the methodology used, it was possible conclude that the hormonal variation influences on periodontal tissues.

Avaliação do uso de membranas na infiltração de tecido conjuntivo em alvéolos de dentes recém-extraídos / Comparison of the use of membranes in conjunctive infiltration in alveoli freshly extracted teeth

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho da membrana de celulose impregnada em doxiciclina e comparar esta com as membranas existentes na infiltração de tecido conjuntivo em alvéolos de ratos pós-exodontia. Utilizaram-se 36 ratos divididos em quatro grupos (controle - GC, membrana teflon - GT, membrana de polipropileno - GP e membrana de celulose impregnada com doxiciclina - GCD). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p = 0,0856). Todas as membranas apresentaram um comportamento semelhante. Destaque- se o menor grau de infiltração observado no grupo das membranas de teflon.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of new membrane comparing to others trademarks available in the market as for decrease conjunctive tissue infiltration in the rat's alveoli after extractions. 36 rats were randomly divided in four groups (control - GC, Teflon membrane (Gore-tex) -GT, polypropylene membrane (bone heal) - GP, Test membrane (cellulose impregnated doxycycline - GCD). Anova test showed no statistic difference between groups (p value = 0,0852). Despite no statistical difference all the membranes showed similar behavior and was possible noticed that have been reduced the depth of tissue infiltration.

Histometric analysis of alveolar bone regeneration with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and latex membranes

AIM: To investigate the amount of connective tissue migrated into the extraction socket using EPTFE and latex membranes. METHODS: Seventeen rats were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: e-PTFE membrane (n = 6), Latex membrane (n = 6) and Control (no membrane, n=5). After extraction of the maxillary right incisor, the animals of the test groups were subjected to alveolar guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgery and received an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and a latex membrane, respectively. Thirty days after surgery, the animals were killed and histometric analysis was done to evaluate the migration of connective tissue. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and multiple-comparison Tukey's test at 5% significance level. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between groups e-PTFE and Latex (p=0.001), and between groups e-PTFE and Control (p=0.012), but no significant difference was found between groups Latex and Control (p=0.416). CONCLUSIONS: The e-PTFE membrane showed better results and appeared more adequate for GBR therapy, forming a barrier to prevent the migration of connective tissue into the extraction socket. The latex membrane, on the other hand, did not show benefits over the control group.

Mechanical performance of encapsulated restorative glass-ionomer cements for use with Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

The Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach was suggested to be a suitable method to treat enamel and dentine carious lesions in patients with disabilities. The use of a restorative glass-ionomer with optimal mechanical properties is, therefore, very important. Objective To test the null-hypotheses that no difference in diametral tensile, compressive and flexural strengths exists between: (1) The EQUIA system and (2) The Chemfil Rock (encapsulated glass-ionomers; test materials) and the Fuji 9 Gold Label and the Ketac Molar Easymix (hand-mixed conventional glass-ionomers; control materials); (3) The EQUIA system and Chemfil Rock. Material and Methods Specimens for testing flexural (n = 240) and diametral tensile (n=80) strengths were prepared according to standardized specifications; the compressive strength (n=80) was measured using a tooth-model of a class II ART restoration. ANOVA and Tukey B tests were used to test for significant differences between dependent and independent variables. Results The EQUIA system and Chemfil Rock had significantly higher mean scores for all the three strength variables than the Fuji 9 Gold Label and Ketac Molar Easymix (α=0.05). The EQUIA system had significant higher mean scores for diametral tensile and flexural strengths than the Chemfil Rock (α=0.05). Conclusion The two encapsulated high-viscosity glass-ionomers had significantly higher test values for diametral tensile, flexural and compressive strengths than the commonly used hand-mixed high-viscosity glass-ionomers. .

The use of latex biomembrane in mandible vestibuloplasty: a case report / O uso de biomembrana de látex natural em vestibuloplastia de mandíbula: relato de caso clínico

Introduction: the latex biomembrane BiomembranaTM has been used in several medical specialties with promising results in promoting wound healing, including surgical, traumatic, isquemic and pressure-induced, as well as ulceration of varied etiology. However, in dentistry its use is not currently well established. Objective: the aim of this study was to describe a treatment for vestibuloplasty using a latex membrane. Case report: due to the inherent characteristics of the latex biomembrane (BiomembranaTM), a vestibuloplasty of the anterior sextant of the mandible was performed using Arruda?s technique of second intention healing modified by the use of a latex biomembrane, in order to assess its applicability and ability to maintain the depth of the vestibule in this type of surgery. Final considerations: latex membrane is an easy to use material which proved useful for vestibuloplasty, since it provided gain of attached gingiva, which remained stable during the 9-month follow-up period.

Uso da membrana de látex em alvéolos de dentes recém-extraídos: relato de caso / Use of latex membrane in alveolar wound of following tooth extraction: a case report

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a avaliação feita radiograficamente no reparo alveolar de dentes extraídos, associados à utilização da membrana de látex. Foram selecionados pacientes sistemicamente saudáveis, com indicação para exodontia de segundo molar inferior direito onde se utilizou membrana de látex para estabilização do coágulo sanguíneo sobre o alvéolo dental. Deste foram tomadas radiografias pré e pós-operatórias onde se mensurou a perda óssea vertical. Não foi observado qualquer tipo de incômodo adicional pela presença da membrana de látex. Houve minimização da perda óssea vertical. Concluiu-se que a biomembrana de látex foi bem tolerada pelo paciente e auxiliou no processo cicatricial e de manutenção das dimensões do rebordo alveolar.

The aim of this study was to report a radiographical follow up of the reparation of sockets in recently extracted teeth using latex membranes. A group of systemical healthy patients with indication for extraction of lower right second molar were chosen and latex membrane to stabilize the blood clot on the dental socket were used. These radiographs were taken on pre and post-operative and vertical bone loss was measured. As results a minimization of vertical bone loss was noticed and we conclude that the latex membrane was well tolerated by the patients and helped with the healing and maintenance of the dimensions of the alveolar ridge.

Incidência de lesões bucais na Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul) / Incidence of oral lesions in University of Southern Santa Catarina (Unisul)

Um dos maiores dilemas que o clínico encontra com respeito ao diagnóstico de lesões bucais é a variedade de possíveis condições que podem ocorrer, visto que se depara com um número extenso de diagnósticos diferenciais. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a incidência de lesões bucais encontradas na clínica de Estomatologia da Unisul, Tubarão - SC; analisar prontuários, observando sexo, idade, hábito de tabagismo ou não e alterações sistêmicas dos pacientes, correlacionando com o tipo de lesão que apresentarem; definir as lesões intrabucais mais frequentes no estudo e relatar suas características clínicas. As informações clínicas dos pacientes e as informações dos resultados foram obtidas por meio de consulta aos respectivos prontuários arquivados no serviço da disciplina, tendo sido pesquisados 64 laudos anatomopatológicos. As lesões mais frequentes foram a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, a leucoplasia e o cisto periodontal apical.

Identificação de marcadores moleculares de prognóstico para adenocarcinoma de próstata utilizando abordagem quantitativa baseada em sequências / Identification of prognostic molecular markers for prostate adenocarcinoma exploiting a quantitative approach based on sequencing

Câncer de próstata (CaP) é um dos cânceres mais comuns na população masculina sendo a segunda causa de morte por neoplasias no ocidente. O adenocarcinoma de próstata é classificado de acordo com a escala de Gleason em graus de malignidade que variam de 2 a 10. Os tumores de escore de Gleason 7 apresentam respostas variáveis ao tratamento, e são sub classificados em 4+3 ou 3+4 tendo, geralmente o primeiro apresenta um pior prognóstico quanto a recidiva bioquímica. A falta de correspondência da classificação da biopsia e da peça cirúrgica, e a inespecificidade do teste de PSA sérico têm incentivado estudos de identificação de novos marcadores moleculares, principalmente em relação aos tumores Gleason 7 nos quais a evolução da doença é de difícil predição. Assim o objetivo desse estudo foi identificar putativos marcadores de prognóstico de pacientes com CaP de escore de Gleason 7. Neste estudo foi elaborado um protocolo de construção de biblioteca de cDNA que combinou microdissecção à laser e a utilização da plataforma de sequenciamento Roche-454 para acessar o transcritoma de células tumorais de próstata. Foram construídas bibliotecas de cDNA 3´ de 21 amostras de adenocarcinoma de próstata, 11 sem recidiva e 10 com recidiva bioquímica, e sequenciadas em paralelo no 454. Foram geradas um total 930.102 sequências, com um tamanho médio de 149,29pb, as quais identificaram 19.933 transcritos e 14.102 genes distintos. Foram aplicados dois métodos matemáticos para identificar diferenças transcricionais entre os grupos de amostras. A análise de diferença de expressão pelo método de proporção identificou 246 transcritos entre as amostras de CaP com e sem recidiva bioquímica. O padrão de expressão desses 246 genes permitiu descriminar 100% das amostras dos grupos com e sem recidiva através da clusterização hierárquica. Um segundo método, baseado na probabilidade de um gene, ou conjunto de genes, ser mais expresso em um determinado grupo identificou 314 transcritos...