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1.
Rev. medica electron ; 36(3): 358-371, mayo-jun. 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-712655

RESUMO

El peritaje psiquiátrico es la actuación médico legal donde convergen la Psicología, la Psiquiatría, el Derecho y la Sociología; con cuyos conocimientos permite evitar que los resultados de la peritación sean pobres o contraproducentes, al intentar esclarecer a través de un conjunto de pruebas el estado mental de un sujeto determinado, al aportar elementos científicos concretos a la administración de justicia sobre fenómenos psíquicos, mediante la investigación de la personalidad de los mismos. En esta ocasión se presenta el caso de tres individuos masculinos, de 20, 21 y 22 años de edad, a quienes se les realizó un peritaje medicolegal tras haber cometido un delito de asesinato, constatándose en sus antecedentes que los tres procedían de familias disociales. Durante la peritación salieron a relucir características de la personalidad de los victimarios que los clasifican como portadores de personalidades patológicas de tipo disocial, lo cual justifica su actuación, resultando ser individuos con incapacidad de adoptar normas de convivencia adecuadas al medio sociocultural en el que se desarrollan, con escasos valores morales y éticos, relacionándose este resultado con sus antecedentes familiares.


The psychiatric expertize is the medico-legal performance where Psychology, Psychiatry, Law and Sociology meet. Their knowledge allows avoiding self-defeating and poor expertize results when intending to elucidate the mental status of certain individual through a group of evidences. It gives concrete scientific elements to law administration on psychic phenomena, studying the individual personality. This time we present the case of three male individuals, aged 20, 21 and 22 years who were medico-legally expertized after committing a murder, establishing that all of them came from dissocial families. During the expertizing came into sight characteristics of the victimizers' personalities classifying them as carriers of dissocial-kind pathologic personalities justifying their performance, and being individuals who are incapable of adopting life-together norms fitting the socio-cultural surroundings they live in, with scarce ethic and moral values. These results are related with their familiar antecedents.

2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-505286

RESUMO

Se realizó una caracterización psicológica de un grupo de ancianos enfermos, se compararon sus diferentes padecimientos con sus edades y rasgos fundamentales, para demostrar que cuanto mayor salud mental tengan mayor será la duración de su vida y menores sus trastornos cognitivos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional del universo de enfermos ingresados en nuestras salas y la muestra la constituyeron los ancianos. Se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, hábitos y enfermedades existentes. Se realizó el Mini Mental Test de Folstein y la Escala Psicoafectiva del Centro Ibero-latinoamericano de la Tercera Edad (CITED), además de un examen físico completo. Se encontró que los ancianos se deprimen con gran frecuencia, lo que está en relación con su entorno familiar; que se enferman más con entidades orgánicas aquellos que tienen peor estado psicoafectivo y que todo esto contribuye al deterioro cognitivo de nuestros ancianos y por lo tanto afecta nuestras expectativas de longevidad feliz


Longevity is the aspiration of the developed world, but it should be achieve with a high quality of these patients’ life, in such a way that they may stay in the social environment around them, but without being a burden for society. Everybody must be prepared in all fields, since we should guarantee not only old people’s physical health, but also their mental health as well. There are several disorders in the cognitive and affective field which influence decisively on the preservation of elderly people’s useful life. A psychological characterization of a group of sick old people is carried out. Their different pathologies are compared to their ages and main features to show that the better mental health they have, the longer their life will be, and the lesser cognitive disorders they will have. An observational prospective study of patients taken from those admitted in our wards is carried out, and elderly people were taken as a sample. Age, sex, habits and illness are studied. Folstein mini- mental test and the Psycho-affective Test from the Iberian Latin American Center for Elderly People (CITED) were applied, together with a whole physical exam. It was found that old people are frequently depressed due to family environment; those who have worst psycho affective states get much more organic illness than the others. All this contributes to old people’s cognitive impairment, and therefore it affects our expectation of happy longevity


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso/psicologia , Depressão/diagnóstico , Geriatria
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