studies on skin affections among local and imported camels in Halaieb, Shalateen and Abou-Ramad areas

A total of 47 skin scrapings from 27 local and 20 imported camels showing skin lesions were collected during Summer [32] and Winter [15], prepared and examined microscopically for the presence of mange and or ringworm infection. The overall prevalence rates of mange were 14.8 1% and 30% for local and imported camels and 18.75% and 26.66 in Summer and Winter seasons, respectively. Sarcoptic scabiei var cameli was the only identified mite species. Ringworm infection rate was 14.81% and 12.5% in local camels in Summer and Winter, respectively. No cases of ringworm were observed in imported camels. Clinical examination of 185 local and 76 imported camels, revealed that the overall prevalence rate of tick infestation was 44.86% in local camels and 57.89% in imported camels. Tick infestation was peaked during Summer [62.29%], followed by Winter [55.17%], then lower rates were recorded during Autumn [46.26%] and Spring [34.66%]. Concerning the identified ticks, only 2 spp. of ticks were identified, one of them Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent [81%] and was usually found on camel's body, while the other species was Ornithodros savagnyi which recorded in few cases [19%] and was found usually in camel resting places

Studies on some bacterial infections of camels in Halaieb, Shalateen and Abou-Ramad triangle

The bacteriological examination of 40 swabs from the nasal discharges of 20 local and 20 imported camels revealed that, 37 of them gave 47 bacterial isolates, out of them [25.53%] were Gram-positive and the others were Gram-negative. The most important identified bacterial spp. were Staphylococcus aureus [21.27%]. Staphylococcus epidermidis [4.25%], Pseudomonase aeruginosa [4.25%] and E. coli [38.29%]. The examination of 40 faecal swabs from 20 local and 20 imported diarrhoeic camels reaveled isolation of 50 bacterial isolates, all of them were Gram-negative. The most important isolates were, Salmonella spp. [4%], E.coli [42%], Citrobacter spp.[24%] and Klebseilla spp. [12%]. The prevalence of antibodies to brucella was studied serologically among 126 camels [95 local and 31 imported] using 3 different serological methods, namely, RBPT, STAT and ELISA. For local camels, the prevalence rate was 9.47%, 5.26% and 9.47%, respectively .In males the rate was higher than in females except by the STAT. Regarding imported camels, the prevalence rate was 6.67%, 9.67% and 25.80% using the same tests respectively. Also, in males the rate was higher than in females except by ELISA