Nephrocutaneous fistula due to textiloma with in the pelvicalyceal system

Textiloma or gossypiboma is an embarrassing surgical scenario. Nephrocutaneous fistula is itself a rare complication after renal surgeries, but due to textiloma, it is rarest of the rare. In this case, 30-year-old lady presented with the complaints of chronic seropurulent discharge from a wound on her right lumbar region. On exploration it was found to be a retained surgical sponge in pelvicalyceal system, which was there for last seven years.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Kidney In A Patient With Staghorn Calculi

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the renal parenchyma is an extremely rare entity. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is usually unsuspected due to the rarity and inconclusive clinical and radiological features. The insidious onset of symptom and lack of any pathognomonic sign leads to delay in the diagnosis and subsequent treatment, resulting in grave prognosis for these patients. Here, we present a case of incidentally detected renal squamous cell carcinoma in a 71-year-old male with a staghorn calculus and Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The patient was treated with radical nephrectomy

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the kidney: A rare neoplasm.

Primary renal lymphoma is a rare neoplasm, but it should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of renal neoplasms. A middle aged man presented with symptoms of weight loss, anorexia and fullness of the abdomen after meals. On clinical and radiological examination, a renal mass was revealed and operated upon. A diagnosis of primary high grade renal lymphoma was made on histopathological examination and immunohistochemically it was further classifi ed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Unfortunately, the patient died after 5 months of diagnosis in spite of three cycles of chemotherapy following surgery. The pathological details of rare tumor are presented here.

Cryptogenic cirrhosis: Metabolic liver disease due to insulin resistance.

Objective: Etiopathogenesis of cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) is not yet well established. Up to 20% of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may progress to cirrhosis, mostly termed as cryptogenic. Insulin resistance and altered metabolic parameters form a major pathogenic link between NAFLD and CC. CC may thus be actually a metabolic liver disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients of CC and 32 patients having cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis B (Hep B) were assessed in a cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital for insulin resistance, % β-cell activity, obesity indices, plasma glucose, lipid profiles, and many other parameters. Results: CC patients had higher homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR compared to Hep B group (P = 0.000016). A positive correlation between IR values and Child-Pugh score among CC patients was found ("r" = 0.87; P < 0.00001). Out of 34 CC patients, 15 (44.1%) had obesity contrary to 6 (18.8%) in the control group (P = 0.0022). Differences were observed in subcutaneous fat (P = 0.0022), intra-abdominal fat (P = 0.0055), waist circumference (P = 0.014), and percentage body fat (P = 0.047) between the two groups. Significant differences were observed in the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Conclusion: Most of the CC patients showed significantly higher prevalence of HOMA-IR, obesity indices, and various parameters of "lipotoxicity" and metabolic syndrome, suggesting that CC may be the long-term consequence of a type of "metabolic liver disease." Further studies are required to evaluate the role of therapeutic interventions to enhance insulin sensitivity in such patients.

Case report of two sisters suffering from Weill-Marchesani syndrome with pulmonary stenosis.

We report two sisters having a rare congenital anomaly-Weill-Marchesani syndrome having disproportionate short height, restriction of joint movements, brachydactyly, dislocation of lens, bilateral glaucomatous optic atrophy, and pulmonary stenosis.