Simulación en educación médica: una sinopsis / Simulation in medical education: a synopsis

Clinical simulation is defined as a technique (not a technology) to replace or amplify real experiences with guided experiences that evoke or replicate substantial aspects of the real world in a fully interactive fashion. Over the pastfew years, there has been a significant growth in its use, both as a learning tool and as an assessment for accreditation. Example of this is the fact that simulation is an integral part of medical education curricula abroad. Some authors have cited it as an unavoidable necessity or as an ethical imperative. In Chile, its formal inclusion in Medical Schools' curricula has just begun. This review is an overview of this important educational tool, presenting the evidence about its usefulness in medical education and describing its current situation in Chile.

Evaluación de competencias de intubación traqueal mediante un escenario simulado en internos de medicina / Evaluation of competencies for tracheal intubation among medical students

Background: Chilean medical schools curricula are focused on the acquisition of competencies. Tracheal intubation is considered a terminal competence. Aim: To evaluate the competencies related to airway management including tracheal intubation in undergraduate medical students. Material and Methods: Prospective observational study. Thirty medical students in the sixth year of a seven years undergraduate program (25.2 percent of the cohort) were randomly chosen and invited to participate in a simulated environment of elective tracheal intubation using a manikin. The students were assessed according to a checklist validated with the Delphi technique and a written self-assessment questionnaire. Results: Seventeen students (57 percent) accepted to participate, corresponding to 14.3 percent of the cohort. Tracheal intubation was achieved by 64 percent, with 60 seconds as the mean time of apnea. Less than half of the students checked the instruments, performed pre-oxygenation or evaluated the airway. Eighty-seven percent of the students said that the current curriculum offers them minimal competencies for airway management in a real clinical situation and all prefer simulated scenarios for the acquisition of clinical skills. Conclusions: The methodology currently used to teach tracheal intubation is not assuring the acquisition of the competencies to the students in this curriculum stage. More effective teaching methods are required, and the use of simulated scenarios can be a useful tool.

Cirugia laser endoscopica de la placenta en el tratamiento del sindrome de transfusion feto-fetal

Se reporta un embarazo de 20 semanas de edad gestacional con Síndrome de Transfusión feto-fetal, tratatado con fotocoagulación láser endoscópica en el Hospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

Histerectomía sin cono previo en neoplasias intraepiteliales del cuello del útero en pacientes con colposcopía satisfactoria / Histerectomy without previous conization in intraepithelial neoplasia of the uterine cervix in patients with satisfactory colposcopy

Se revisan 15 histerectomías efectuadas en pacientes portadoras de NIE I, II, III obtenidas por biopsia y sometidas a histerectomía por otra patología agregada ginecológica. Se obtiene una gran relación histológica evitando la conización previa