Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) usually are obese, insulin resistant and hyperinsulinemic. The known association between leptin, obesity andinsulin action suggests that leptin may have a role in PCOS but this has only been addressed peripherally. This study was designed to assess the relationship between serum leptin and the anthropometric, metabolic and endocrine variables of obese (body mass index, BMI > or = 30 kg/mý) and non-obese (BMI <30 kg/mý) PCOS patients. Twenty-eight PCOS patients and 24 control women subdivided into obese and non-obese groups were evaluated. Leptin, androgens, lipids, gonadotrophins and insulin-glucose response to the oral glucose tolerance test were measured by radioimmunoassay in all participants. The assays were done all in one time. The areas under the insulin curve (AUC-I) and the glycemia curve were calculated to identify patients with insulin resistance. Mean leptin levels were not significantly higher in patients with PCOS compared to the control group (21.2 ñ 10.2 vs 27.3 ñ 12.4 ng/ml). Leptin levels were found to be significantly higher in the obese subgroups both in patients with PCOS (26.9 ñ 9.3 vs 14.1 ñ 7.0 ng/ml) and in the control group (37.3 ñ 15.5 vs 12.9 ñ 5.8 ng/ml). The leptin of the PCOS group was correlated with BMI (r = 0.74; P < 0.0001) and estradiol (r = 0.48; P < 0.008) and tended to be correlated with the AUC-I (r = 0.36; P = 0.05). Of the parameters which showed a correlation with leptin in PCOS, only estradiol and probably insulinemia (AUC-I) did not show a significant correlation with BMI, suggesting that the other parameters were correlated with leptin due to their correlation with BMI. Estradiol correlated with leptin in PCOS patients regardless of their weight.

Hiperprolactinemia por metastase de carcinoma folicular da tiroide para a sela turcica (hipofise). / Hiperprolactinemia due to metastasis of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid to sella turcica (hypophysis)

Os autores apresentam um caso unico na literatura medica de galactorreia e hiperprolactinemia devido a presenca de metastase de carcinoma folicular da tiroide para sela turcica. Comentam a localizacao incomum desta metastase e os provaveis aspectos fisiopatologicos envolvidos na producao excessiva de prolactina. Analisam, finalmente, outros sintomas como proptose, amaurose e epistaxe decorrentes da evolucao da metastase

Hipertireoidismo infantil: a proposito de um caso. / Child hyperthyroidism: apropos of a case

Os autores relatam um caso de hipertireoidismo infantil, dando enfase a pouca frequencia desta patologia tireoidiana na faixa etaria infantil. Sao discutidos os aspectos etiopatogenicos, clinicos e terapeuticos