Work performance and calling as factors influencing job satisfaction among nurse midwives working in the delivery room

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to investigate work performance and calling as determinants of job satisfaction among nurse midwives. @*Methods@#The participants of this study were registered nurse midwives who had worked in the delivery room for more than 6 months. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, postal mail, and mobile devices. Subjects completed self-report questionnaires from July to August 2017. The dataset was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. @*Results@#The mean score for job satisfaction was 3.42±0.45. Among the sub-factors, income had the lowest score (2.67±0.72) and management of delivery had the highest score (3.81±0.66). Job satisfaction was significantly different according to marital status (t=2.25, p=.028), residential area (t=2.43, p=.016), and cause of job satisfaction (F=2.44, p=.038). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with work performance (r=.27, p=.001) and calling (r=.57, p<.001). The correlation between work performance and calling was also positive and statistically significant (r=.32, p<.001). Meaning and purpose (β=.48, p<.001) and marital status (β=–.15, p<.025) significantly influenced job satisfaction. The model developed in this study explained 45.3% of variation in job satisfaction. @*Conclusion@#Nurse midwives’ job satisfaction may be enhanced by entrusting them with professional roles and tasks. Above all, it is necessary to develop and provide programs that help nurse midwives connect their jobs with the meaning and purpose of their lives.

Influence of pregnant couples’ attitudes towards sex during pregnancy on sexual function

Purpose@#This study was conducted to identify the influences of the attitudes of pregnant women and their husbands towards sex during pregnancy on sexual function. @*Methods@#In this study, 231 pregnant couples completed self-report questionnaires during their visits to women’s hospitals or community health centers. The questionnaires assessed general characteristics, maternal/paternal sexual attitudes towards sex during pregnancy (Maternal Sex during Pregnancy Scale, MSP/Paternal Sex during Pregnancy Scale, PSP), and sexual function (using the Female Sexual Function Index and International Index of Erectile Function, respectively). Multiple regression analysis was done to test the research model using SPSS version 23. @*Results@#In this study, 74.9% of pregnant women and 38.5% of their husbands reported sexual dysfunction. MSP (β=.44, p<.001) in pregnant women and PSP (β=.39, p<.001) and being in the first trimester (β=.17, p=.012) in husbands influenced sexual function during pregnancy. In the first trimester, the scores for attitudes towards sex during pregnancy were the lowest in pregnant women, while they were the highest in their husbands. @*Conclusion@#Positive attitudes about sex during pregnancy are important for sexual function in pregnant couples. Because the difference in attitudes towards sex during pregnancy between pregnant women and their husbands was greatest in the first trimester, sexual health interventions need to be provided in early pregnancy.

Factors Affecting the Sexual Function of Pregnant Women / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: To determine whether maternal attitude toward sex during pregnancy and health-related quality of life could influence sexual function of pregnant women. METHODS: In this study, 138 second and third trimester pregnant women completed self-report questionnaires during their visits to women's hospitals or community health centers to assess their general characteristics, attitude toward sex during pregnancy (PIES-M), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), and sexual function (FSFI-6K). Multiple regression analysis was performed to test the research model with SPSS version 23. RESULTS: Pregnant women who had discontinued their sexual life after recognizing their pregnancy accounted for 27.5% of women questioned. The average sexual function score of pregnant women was higher in the second trimester than the third trimester. Attitude toward sex during pregnancy (β=−.38, p< .001), maintaining sexual life (β=.20, p=.028), health-related quality of life (β=.18, p=.030), and adverse symptoms during sex (β=.18, p=.042) were determinants of sexual function during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Nurses in antenatal care units need to help pregnant women maintain a positive attitude toward sexual activity during pregnancy and manage their health-related quality of life to maintain their sexual life during pregnancy.

Impact of Maternal Uncertainty on Coping: Experiences from a General Hospital Pediatric Ward

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to test whether maternal uncertainty and the general characteristics of mothers and children influenced maternal coping. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 190 mothers whose children had been admitted to the pediatric ward of a general hospital completed self-report questionnaires during their children's hospitalization. The questionnaires assessed the general characteristics of the mothers and children, maternal uncertainty, and maternal coping. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the research model. RESULTS: In the multivariable model, help from one's spouse (t=3.10, p=.002), religion (t=2.68, p=.008), overall ambiguity (t=2.64, p=.009), and family income (t=2.33, p=.021) were associated with higher coping scores. CONCLUSION: This research model presents possible guidelines for pediatric nurses to provide comprehensive and accurate information on children's illnesses and treatments for mothers of children hospitalized in general hospitals. In particular, nurses should pay more attention to mothers who are not receiving help from their spouses, are not religious, and have a low family income.

Research Trend of Women's Health in Korean Nursing Journals (2010~2015)

PURPOSE: To explore trends of women's health in nursing research by analyzing articles on women aged 13 years or older that were published in Korean Journal for Women Health Nursing from 2010 to 2015. METHODS: Seven focus areas were identified and modified to reflect integrative conceptual models of women's health: maternity care, menstrual concerns, health problems in women, gender influences on health risks, social influences on women's health, women and health care policy, and sexual health and violence against women. A total of 383 studies were analyzed according to these seven focus areas. RESULTS: Health problems in women, maternity care, and societal influences on women's health were the most widely studied topics in Korean women's health. There was increased attention to societal influences on women's health and gender influences on health risk. However, these areas are still limited in nursing research. Only 1% of these studies were in area of women's health policy. CONCLUSION: More studies in area of sexual health and violence against women are needed. Studies in area of women and health care policy are also needed to improve women's health in Korea.

Effects of Sanhujori and Menopausal Adaptation on Health-related QOL in Middle-aged Women

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effects of menopausal adaptation and Sanhujori (Korean traditional postnatal care) on the Health-related quality of life in middle-aged women. METHODS: Women aged from 45 to 60 completed questionnaires consisting of SF-36 ver. 2 and menopausal adaptation scale between July to Aug, 2013. Two hundred and eighteen participants' data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression. RESULTS: Physical health (69.5+/-15.1) was better than mental health (68.8+/-17.1), and bodily pain and social functioning were the same results as 2009 general U.S. population, with the sub-variables of quality of life being lower. Menopausal adaptation was at moderate level, and correlation of its sub-variables with quality of life were significant: fatigue (r=.60, p<.001), accomplishing feeling (r=.55, p<.001), confidence (r=.54, p<.001), dryness (r=.51, p<.001), flush (r=.38, p<.001), dominance (r=-.36, p<.001), stability (r=.26, p<.001). Fatigue, confidence, stability, period of sanhujori, and dryness revealed as influencing quality of life, while the total variation explained by these components was at 52%. CONCLUSION: To improve quality of life of middle aged women, health care providers need to provide nursing intervention to relieve fatigue and dryness; and address psychosocial concerns with developing nursing strategies to improve stability and confidence. For post-partum women, enough periods of sanhujori needs to be recommended.

A Comparative Study on Birth Outcomes between Korean Women and Immigrant Women / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare birth outcomes between Korean women and immigrant women. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed retrospectively from 201 immigrant women and 201 Korean women who delivered babies at K women's hospital in U city from January 2006 to December 2009. Maternal outcomes related factors included nationality, age, obstetric history, delivery type, indications of cesarean section, and complications of pregnancy and delivery. Principal neonatal outcomes were birth weight, Apgar scores, and complications of newborns. RESULTS: Immigrant women were younger and had fewer pregnancies, abortions, and surviving children than Korean women. The rate of primary cesarean section and its indication in immigrant women were not significantly different from Korean women. However, immigrant women's newborn were more likely to have low birth weight and meconium staining. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate less equity of immigrant women in women's health care, although immigrant women's babies had lower Apgar score and more meconium staining. Nurses should help immigrant women cope with labor process effectively to prevent adverse health outcomes for their newborns.

Grandmother's Life Satisfaction and Influencing Factors by Grandparenting / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The study was to compare the factors of life satisfaction between grandmothers parenting and not parenting their grandchildren. METHODS: A descriptive design with a convenience sampling was used for this study. From communities in S and U city, 85 parenting grandmothers (PG) and 103 non-parenting grandmothers (NPG) were recruited. The PG were those grandmothers who cared for preschooler grandchildren for their daughter or daughter-in-law who was employed. RESULTS: The demographics of the two groups were similar, however the value of grandparenting was significantly higher in the PG than the NPG (t=4.56, p<.001). In the PG, strong and significant correlations were found among the value of grandparenting, health status, quality of relations with adult children, and life satisfaction. However, demographics were more related to health status and life satisfaction in the NPG. The value of grandparenting, health status, and quality of grandmother-adult children relations were found to be significant factors of life satisfaction (F=20.75, p<.001) explaining 42% of the variances. In the NPG, only health status was a significant factor (F=50.66, p<.001) explaining 33% of the variances. CONCLUSION: This study shows that grandmothers' perceptions of grandparenting and family relationships need to be incorporated into the lifestyle in order to support parenting grandmothers' life satisfaction while grandmothers' health is the common concern of elderly women's life satisfaction.

Structural Equation Modeling on Personal Satisfaction with Life in Grandmothers Parenting Grandchildren / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This studywas designedto construct andtest astructural equation model for life satisfaction in grandmothers who were parenting grandchildren METHODS: Grandmothers assuming part-time parenting responsibilities for grandchildrenwererecruitedinfourcities inSouthKorea. Theywere asked to complete a questionnaire through face to face interviews or self reports, and 248 data units were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling. RESULTS: Model fit indices for the final model revealeda fit at anexcellent level, andall of the 12 paths were statistically significant explaining 51% of the variance. Predictors of life satisfaction in the final model were parenting efficacy, perceived health status, parenting stress, amount of parenting, anddemographic factors. The newfindingsof thisstudy were asfollows: First, thesatisfactionwithlife of part-time parenting grandmothers was less than that of non-parenting grandmothers. Second, parenting stress and parenting efficacy revealed determinants to life satisfaction. Third, motivationof parentingand amount of parenting affect both parenting stress and parenting efficacy. CONCLUSION: The value of parenting and the grandmother-adult children relationship quality should also be considered in developing a grandmothers' educational program, because these are the factors which strengthen parenting efficacy and alleviate parenting stress.

The Life of Elderly Women Living Alone

PURPOSE: This study aimed to uncover the fundamental nature of living alone in female elderly. METHODS: The phenomenological research approach developed by van Manen was adopted. RESULTS: The theme was 'taking a firm stand alone on the edges of life'. The composition elements of living alone experienced by elderly women were as follows: 1) Corporeality: participants perceived their bodies by their health status. Unhealthy participants were suffering with diseases and dependant on other persons, while healthy participants were free from family responsibility and kept on moving. 2) Spatiality: participants felt both freedom and loneliness while they stayed home. 3) Relationality: participants felt pity and yearning for their bereaved husband and sometimes talked to his picture. According to their children's filial piety, participants were pleased or displeased. However, they incessantly devoted themselves to their children. 4) Temporality: participants considered the rest of their life as extra-time which was proceeding to death, and tried to keep themselves busy before they died. CONCLUSION: A nurse should understand the multifarious aspects of elderly women's life, and then intervene to consolidate their strengths for self-supporting the final years of life.

Application of Problem-Based Learning(PBL) for Students' Practice in Maternity Nursing / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to apply a PBL module for students' practice in maternity nursing. METHOD: Two PBL module scenarios were made for clinical cases in antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum nursing care. A total of 70 senior nursing students of S university were enrolled in this module for their scheduled 3 weeks of practice. A structured questionnaire and subjective statements were collected for evaluation. RESULT: The students' perceptions of PBL were found to be effective in encouraging motivation and interest in studying, absorbing practical knowledge better, and learning through interaction with tutors. They became more confident, active, and positive throughout the PBL experiences while a lack of time for learning was a limitation. CONCLUSION: PBL is considered a method that can strengthen nursing students' abilities to adjust to clinical situations in maternity areas. It is recommended to expand PBL in nursing practice courses and develop various scenarios and qualified tutors.

Virus Genotype and Lamivudine Resistant Mutation in Chronic B-Viral Hepatitis and Correlation with Pathologic Findings / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: Despite significant progress in vaccine and therapeutic regimen, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains one of the major diseases. Long-term use of lamivudine can induce the emergence of drug resistance. TRUGENE(TM) HBV Genotyping (Visible Genetics Inc., Ga, USA) is an assay that reports the viral genotype and mutations likely to confer resistance to antiviral therapy. In this study, we analyzed HBV genotype and mutations and correlated them with the histologic grade and stage of the liver disease to provide the useful information about the therapy of chronic liver disease. METHODS: HBV DNA was isolated from 86 patients with HBV-associated chronic liver diseases and analyzed by TRUGENE(TM) HBV Genotyping. Histologic grade and stage were correlated with RESULTS: HBV genotypes of 86 patients were all C (100%). Mutations associated with lamivudine resistance were detected in 10 patients (11.6%) and M204I (YIDD) mutant was the most common. Unknown mutation such as L180F was also detected. Statistical analysis showed that the number of coding changes at HBsAg region was significantly correlated with the lobular activity (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: All patients were genotype C and lamivudine resistant mutations were detected in 11.6%. L180F mutation, not known previously, was detected in one case. Number of coding changes at HBsAg region was significantly correlated with the lobular activity. It was considered that follow-up studies about the clinical significance of coding changes in HBsAg are needed, and that a further study such as in vitro transfection is necessary to confirm the possibility of a novel mutation of L180F.

Experimental culture condition for endothelial and their progenitor cells from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: The concept of "neovascularization", which was first applied to describe the pathogenesis of diseases such as diabetic retinopathy or rheumatoid arthritis, has been extended to other fields of study such as myocardial ischemia and tumorigenesis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), play a critical role in neovascularization and have been reported to also be capable of colonizing vascular grafts. In this study, EPCs were isolated from cord blood, peripheral blood and bone marrow, and then cultured. Various cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), Insulin growth factor(IGF), endothelial growth factor(EGF) fibroblast growth factor-basic(FGF-b), stem cell factor(SCF), flt3-ligand(FL), and thrombopoietin(TPO) were added to the cultures and observed for their effects on endothelial cells for their potential use in antineoplastic therapy or treatment of regional ischemia. METHODS: The mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from cord blood, peripheral blood buffy coat, and bone marrow. They were collected from healthy donors using Ficoll-Hypaque. CD34+ cells were isolated by MACS system. To evaluate the effect of various cytokines, purified CD34+ cells were cultured under conditions of various cytokine combinations including SCF, Fl, TPO, VEGF, EGF, IGF, and FGF-b. After four weeks of culture, umbilical cord blood and bone-marrow derived adherent cells were analyzed for endothelial markers by immunohistochemical stain. RESULTS: Cultured adherent cells expressed the endothelial specific markers, such as KDR, CD34, CD31, CD62E, and CD cadherin but did not express vWF antigen. Typical morphology of endothelial cells was observed, such as the cord-like structure and cobblestone appearance during the culture period, which suggested that the adherent cells were consistent with endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: We described the experimental conditions in which endothelial progenitors were differentiated from CD34+ cells isolated from three hematopoietic stem cell sources: bone marrow, peripheral blood and cord blood.

Transfusion-transmitted Virus and TTV-like Mini Virus Infection in Blood Products / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: Transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV) and TTV-like mini virus (TLMV) are small DNA virus with single-stranded, closed circular, antisense genome infecting man. TTV and TLMV are trans-missible by transfusion. However there had been a few study about TTV prevalence and no study about prevalence in blood donors in Korea. There has been no study about the TTV and TLMV infection in blood products in Korea. The aim of this study was to gain the prevalence of two viruses in blood products. METHODS: A total of 150 plasma samples from blood products (each 50 units of Red blood cell, whole blood, and platelet concentrate) were tested. The samples are obtained from the segments of the blood products. TTV DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with two sets of primers (A set and B set) and TLMV DNA was detected using nested PCR with primer set C. RESULTS: TTV DNA was detected in 85.3% (128/150) of blood products. TLMV DNA was detected in 41.3% (62/150) of blood products. Either TTV or TLMV was detected in a total of 140 blood products (92.3%) and both TTV and TLMV were detected in 50 products (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The blood products are frequently infected with TTV and (or) TLMV in Korea and they can be transmissible by blood products with high probability.

The Frequency of Unexpected Antibodies in Blood Donors and Transfusion Candidates in Korea / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was performed to estimate the frequency of red cell antibodies in blood donors (n=1,620,023) and transfusion candidates (SNUH n=12,111, YUMH n=26,665) for last 2 years (2000~2001). The results of the antibody screening and identification tests, the frequency and specificities of antibodies identified compared with blood centers and two hospitals had been used the different test methods each others. METHOD: Blood centers had been used tube and micro-plate method simultaneously with an in house and commercial panels. SNUH had been used micro-plate method using V plate with an in house and commercial panels. YUMH had been used gel agglutination technique (DiaMed ID System : DiaMed, Murten; Switzerland) since 1998. RESULTS: The frequencies of red blood cell antibodies were 0.26% (4,204 / 1,620,023 donor sera ), 0.11% (135 / 12,111 patient sera in SNUH) and 0.48% (128 / 26,665 patient sera in YUMH). Female donors and old ages showed higher frequency of red cell antibodies than male and young ages. Most of antibodies detected in donors were clinically less relevant antibodies such as Anti-Lea and Leb (38.9%), anti-P1 (18.1%), anti-H(IH) (8.4%), anti-M (6.2%) and so on. Clinically significant antibodies including Rh system antibodies (2.0%) were few, and composed only 12% of all the antibodies detected. In patients, clinically relevant antibodies including Rh antibodies (40.4% in SNUH, 71.9% in YUMH) were more frequently observed comparing with in donors. CONCLUSION: Antibodies found in donors were mostly clinically less relevant. Antibody screening method used in blood centers would be standardized. Blood banks using gel technique showed high detection rate of clinically significant antibodies comparing with facilities using other methods.

An analysis of the results of periodic health examination

No abstract available.

An analysis of the results of periodic health examination

No abstract available.