Evaluation of an anti-carcinoembryonic monoclonal antibody suitable for immunoscintigraphy

An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (mAb 6D1.1) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo to determine its suitability as a tracer for immunoscintigraphy of colorectal carcinomas. Determination of mAb affinity for CEA showed a constant of association of 0.63 + or - 0.11 x 109 M-1. Binding of technetium-99m (99mTc)-6D1.1, labeled by a direct method, to human cultured lineages was highly specific. Binding to only CEA-positive LS-174T cells resulted in a saturable curve inhibited by pre-incubation with unlabeled mAb. No binding at all was observed for the human lineages MeWo (melanoma) or ZR75-30 (breast carcinoma), neither of them expressing CEA cells. Intravenous injection of 99mTc-6D1.1 into nude mice xenografted with human LS-174T tumors resulted in planar images of excellent quality. Localization of an irrelevant mAb labeled with either 99mTc or iodine-125 was never observed in tumor masses. Biodistribution studies on excised tumoral tissue showed retention of 28.48 percent of the injected dose per gram of LS-174T tumor. The tumor-to-blood ratio was 3.46. The same analysis performed on the other three human xenografted tumors studied demonstrated that only the CEA-producing HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) retained 99mTc-6D1.1 while the other two (ZR75-30 and MeWo) did not. These data demonstrate that this mAb is an adequate tool for targeting CEA-expressing tumors in experimental models

Experiental evaluation of brain spect using d, 1 - HMPAO 99m Tc in dogs. Anatomo-physiological implications

O d, 1-Hexametilpropileno oxima marcado com o tecnécio-99m (potência 99m Tc-HMPAO) é um importante radiofármaco usado tanto para imagens tomográficas cerebrais quanto na marcaçäo "in vitro" de leucócitos. A crescente utilizaçäo deste radiofármaco no estudo de doenças neurológicas no homem levou-nos à obtençäo de "kits" de HMPAO para ser marcado pelo tecnécio-99m. Neste trabalho apresentamos o estudo experimental efetuado com "kits" liofilizados de d, 1-HMPAO elevado à 99mTc desenvolvidos em nosos laboratórios, comparando inclusive com aqueles encontrados no comércio. As imagens cerebrais inicialmente foram feitas em coelhos, entretanto os melhores resultados foram obtidos em cäes. Assim, selecionaram-se seis cäes sem raça definida, considerados clinicamente normais para obtençäo das imagens cintilográficas do cérebro e o "washout" das regiöes de interesse (ROIs). Os estudos experimentais em animais e a considerável reduçäo do custo do radiofármaco mostrou-nos a possibilidade da utilizaçäo destes exames na clínica veterinária, especialmente de pequenos animais. Por outro lado, a perfusäo do d, 1-HMPAO elevado à 99mTc mostra que a concentraçäo do radiofármaco se faz ao mesmo tempo na regiäo do cérebro e nas fossas nasais, demonstrando a existência de estruturas iguais às da barreira hemo-encefálica nesta última regiäo