Avaliação comparativa entre agradabilidade facial e análise subjetiva do Padrão Facial / Comparative evaluation among facial attractiveness and subjective analysis of Facial Pattern

OBJETIVO: estudar duas análises subjetivas faciais utilizadas para o diagnóstico ortodôntico, avaliação da agradabilidade facial e definição de Padrão Facial, e verificar a associação existente entre elas. MÉTODOS: utilizou-se 208 fotografias faciais padronizadas (104 laterais e 104 frontais) de 104 indivíduos escolhidos aleatoriamente, as quais foram submetidas à avaliação da agradabilidade por dois grupos distintos (Grupo " Ortodontia" e Grupo " Leigos" ), que classificaram os indivíduos em " agradável" , " aceitável" ou " desagradável" . Os indivíduos também foram classificados quanto ao Padrão Facial por três examinadores calibrados, utilizando-se apenas a vista lateral. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: após a análise estatística, verificou-se que houve associação fortemente positiva entre a agradabilidade facial e o Padrão Facial para a norma lateral, porém não para a frontal, em que os indivíduos tenderam a ser bem classificados mesmo no Padrão II.

AIM: To study two subjective facial analysis commonly used on orthodontic diagnosis and to verify the association between the evaluation of facial attractiveness and Facial Pattern definition. METHODS: Two hundred and eight standardized face photographs (104 in lateral view and 104 in frontal view) of 104 randomly chosen individuals were used in the present study. They were classified as " pleasant" , " acceptable" and " not pleasant" by two distinct groups: " Lay people" and " Orthodontists" . The individuals were either classified according to their Facial Pattern using lateral view images. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After statistical analysis, it was noted a strong positive concordance between facial attractiveness in lateral view and Facial Pattern, however, frontal view attractiveness classification did not have good concordance with Facial Pattern, tending to have good attractiveness classification even in Facial Pattern II.

Comparison between inverted and unprocessed digitized radiographic imaging in periodontal bone loss measurements

The advances in digital imaging technology in dentistry have provided an alternative to film-based radiography and have given new options to detect periodontal bone loss. The purpose of this study was to compare inverted and unprocessed digitized radiographic imaging in periodontal bone loss measurements. Thirty-five film-based periapical radiographs of patients suffering from moderate to advanced untreated periodontal bone loss associated to lower premolar and molars was selected from the department files, with 40 bone loss areas. The film-based radiographs were digitized with a flatbed scanner with a transparency and radiograph adapter used for transilluminating the radiograph imaging. Digitization was performed at 600 dpi and in gray scale. The images were digitized using Image Tool software by applying image inversion, that is, transformation of radiopaque structures into radiolucent structures and vice-versa. The digital data were saved as JPEG files. The images were displayed on a 15-inch and 24-bit video monitor under reduced room lighting. One calibrated examiner performed all radiographic measurements, three times, from the cementoenamel junction to the most apical extension of the bone loss, in both types of image (inverted and unprocessed). Brightness and contrast were adjusted according to the examiner's individual demand. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to compare the measurements from both types of images. The means of radiographic measurements, in mm, for inverted and unprocessed digitized imaging were 6.4485 and 6.3790, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was significant (0.99) The inverted and unprocessed digitized radiographic images were reliable and there was no difference in the diagnostic accuracy between these images regarding periodontal bone loss measurements.

Avaliação da maturação esquelétia: uma revisão comparativa do método carpal e da imagem das vértebras cervicais / Evaluation of the skeletal maturation: a comparative review of the hand and wrist method and the image of the cervical vertebras

Um ponto fundamental no tratamento ortodôntico de crianças e adolescentes consiste em determinar a fase de maturação esquelética em que se encontram. Muitos métodos são utilizados na obtenção da idade esquelética. O mais comumente difundido no meio ortodôntico é a análise da radiografia carpal; entretanto, o acesso desta informação em radiografias cefalométricas laterais tem sido também empregado, sendo importante por reduzir a exposição radiográfica dos pacientes, assim como o custo. Neste trabalho é feita uma revisão destes dois métodos radiográficos para avaliação da maturação esquelética: a radiografia carpal e a radiografia cefalométrica lateral. Verifica-se na literatura que ambos os métodos apresentam concordância na avaliação da maturação esquelética; entretanto a observação das vértebras cervicais vem tendo muita aplicabilidade, permitindo dados diagnósticos relevantes a prática ortodôntica.

An essential issue on the orthodontic treatment of children and teenagers consists on establishing the stage of skeletal maturation in which the patient is. To access the skeletal age there are severa1 methods. The most common and used one, on the orthodontic field is determined through the hand-wrist analysis; although the access of these information on cephalometricRadiographs has also been used, being significant because it reduces the x-ray exposition to the patients, and also it cost. In this study a review of these two radiographic methods: hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae maturation is made.Literature shows that both methods present agreement on the evaluation of the skeletal maturation, although the cervical vertebrae method has been increasing it applicability, providing relevant diagnosis data to the orthodontic practice.