RESUMO
Background: The pathogenesis of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae [NTHi] begins with adhesion to the rhinopharyngeal mucosa. Almost 38-80% of NTHi clinical isolates produce proteins that belong to the High Molecular Weight [HMW] family of adhesins, which are believed to facilitate colonization
Methods: In the present study, the prevalence of hmwA, which encodes the HMW adhesin, was determined for a collection of 32 NTHi isolates. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism [RFLP] was performed to advance our understanding of hmwA binding sequence diversity
Results: The results demonstrated that hmwA was detected in 61% of NTHi isolates. According to RFLP, isolates were divided into three groups
Conclusion: Based on these observations, it is hypothesized that some strains of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae infect some specific areas more than other parts
RESUMO
Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis has been applied in Iran since 1950. WHO suggests periodical evaluation of effectiveness of the triple diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis [DTwP] vaccine, worldwide. To determine the immunogenicity of locally manufactured DTwP vaccine administered to preschool children in a number of health centers of Tehran in 2006. In this prospective study, 350 children aged 4-6 years were injected with DTwP vaccine manufactured by Razi Institute of Iran. Blood samples were collected before and 2-4 weeks after the vaccination. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was assayed by measurement of specific antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] technique. Of the 337 children who were vaccinated, 99.4% and 100% had protective anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibody titers, respectively. The vaccine response and seroconversion for pertussis was achieved in 70.3% of the subjects. The geometric mean titers [GMT] of the antibodies produced against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis by DTwP vaccine were 7.76, 9.37 lU/ml and 30.20 EU/ml after booster vaccine dose, respectively. Comparison of the results obtained from this study with those of previous studies performed in other countries reveals that immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus components is similar to other vaccines, but the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine was less efficient. The lower immunogenicity of DTwP against pertussis may be related to the bacterial strain used or the formulation protocol adopted for the vaccine preparation
Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Imunização , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, location and type of rpoB gene mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB] collected from patients in the southern endemic region of Iran. Drug susceptibility testing was determined by using the BACTEC system and the center for diseases controls [CDC] standard conventional proportional method. In 29 rifampicin-resistant MTB [85%] isolates, 60 mutations and 13 micro-deletions were identified. Missense mutations produced 23 types of amino acid substitutions. In five rifampicin-resistant MTB isolates [15%] no mutations were found in the core region of the rpoB gene. All silent mutations were localized in codon 507. Most frequent mutations detected in Iranian strains, were found in codons 523 and 526. Five alleles in codon 526 and three alleles occurring in triplets in each of the codons 507, 508, 513 were also found. Thus in Iran the highest frequency of common mutations shared between primary and secondary infections was found to occur in codons 523 and 526