Prevalence of different types of temporomandibular disorders seen at armed forces institute of dentistry

The temporomandibular joint [TMJ] is a synovial joint that connects the mandible to the skull. Each joint is composed of condyle of the mandible, an articulating disc and an articular fossa of the temporal bone. Temporomandibular joint disorders [TMD's] are characterized by decreased mandibular range of movements, inadequate mouth opening and TMJ sounds such as click, pop, crepitations. TMD's can be classified as masticatory muscle disorders, Temporomandibular joint disorders, chronic mandibular hypomobility disorders and growth disorders. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Prosthodontics department at Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi. A total of 140 subjects were evaluated both clinically and radiographically to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of TMDs as a function of age and gender. The most common disorder in the age frame, less than 20 years was found to be disc dislocation with reduction, while disc displacement was the most common disorder in older age groups. Inferior head of lateral pterygoid muscle was most commonly found to be involved in 88.6% individuals, followed by Medial pterygoid muscle that was tender in 82.9% individuals

Comparison of occlusal schemes in complete denture patients

The objective of this study was to compare the masticatory performance with bilateral balanced occlusion and lingualized occlusion in complete denture patients reporting to Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Pakistan. A randomized control trial study was carried out on sixty edentulous patients. Subjects were divided into two equal groups, A and B by non-probability consecutive sampling method. Group A patients were provided complete dentures with bilaterally balanced occlusion and group B patients were provided complete dentures with lingualized occlusion. Masticatory performance was determined at the 01-month follow-up appointment using Sieving method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0.Results of the study showed that patients with bilateral balance occlusion dentures had superior masticatory performance as compared to ones' with lingualized occlusion. Conclusion made was that bilateral balance occlusal scheme patients were able to masticate properly with ease and comfort and were more comfortable with their prostheses

Preferred methods for the selection of artificial teeth in a complete denture patient in a tertiary care hospital at Rawalpindi

This study was conducted to find the most convenient method for the selection of teeth for complete denture patients between Consultant, Residents and House officers in prosthetic services. A questionnaire was designed specifically prepared and distributed to 45 dentists working in tertiary care hospitals in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. All participants answered questions and responded to the survey. Majority preferred patient's facial form as a guideline in choosing the shape of anterior denture teeth [40%], the most widely used guide in choosing the color of the front teeth was the tone of the patient's skin [48.9%], and more often appearance used in selecting the size of front teeth were the corners of the mouth [35.5%]. Fifty-one percent of dentists prefer to use anatomical teeth for back teeth in prosthesis. Bulk of the participants [97.8%] preferred acrylic resin material for artificial teeth. It can be accomplished as the preferred method to opt for artificial teeth and general dentist in Rawalpindi and Islamabad agree with the approaches by dentists internationally, as evidenced by the data published on the subject

Pattern of acquired postsurgical unilateral maxillary defects for prosthodontics rehabilitation in patients at AFID

To determine the pattern of acquired postsurgical unilateral maxillary defects [Aramany Class I] for Prosthodontics rehabilitation in patients at AFID. A descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry from August 2014 to March 2015. A total of 65 acquired unilateral postsurgical maxillary defect patients referred from Oral and Maxillofacial surgery department, with an age ranging between 25-70 years. Only Aramany Class I post-surgical defect patients were included in this study. Out of 65 patients 34 were male and 31 were female. The mean age of patients was 41+6.921 SD. Almost all of the patients 98.46% [n=64] belonged to a poor socioeconomic status. 81.5% [n=53] of the unilateral maxillary defect were on the left side where as 18.5% [n=12] were on the right side. Chi square test used to determine the association of gender with pattern of maxillectomy was not significant [p=0.859]. Logistic regressions wald test used to determine the association of age with maxillary defect was significant [p=0.000]. Within the limitations of this study, the pattern of Aramany Class I post-surgical defect was more prevalent on the left side as compared to the right side and most of the patients belonged to poor socioeconomic status irrespective of the age of patients

Comparison of patient's satisfaction level with complete dentures fabricated by neutral zone technique and conventional technique

The objective of the study was to compare the satisfaction level of edentulous patients provided with complete dentures that were fabricated by either the neutral zone technique or the conventional technique. For this a quasi experimental comparative study [Phase 2 trial] was carried out at Department of Prosthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from September 2006 to February 2008. Sixty edentulous patients were included in the study and randomly placed into two groups. Complete dentures were fabricated for these patients; by the neutral zone technique for Group A and by the conventional technique for Group B. The satisfaction level of patients was assessed after six months of denture insertion with the help of a questionnaire. In Group A, 8 were highly satisfied, 19 fairly satisfied and 3 poorly satisfied while in Group B, 3 were highly satisfied, 16 fairly satisfied and 11 poorly satisfied. Chi-square test revealed a significance of 0.03 [P < 0.05] regarding comparison of patient's satisfaction level in both the study groups. It was concluded that dentures fabricated by neutral zone technique were more stable and functionally better than conventional dentures

Prevalence of radiographic classification of impacted mandibular third molars - an overview

The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiographically the position of mandibular third molars. It is a descriptive study carried out at 1 Military dental Centre, Sialkot Cantt from August to March 2011. The patients who came with the complaints of pain or swelling in the lower third molar area were clinically assessed and advised radiograph [peri apical view or orthopantomograph] for their lower third molar. These radiographs were assessed according to the Winter's classification for angulation and Pell and Gregory classification was used to access the space and depth of impaction. A total of 415 patients were examined. 73.7% patients [n=306] were males and 26.3% [n=109] females. Most of the patients were between 20-29 years of age [n=244]. Mesioangular impaction was the most common found in 38.5% [n=160] patients. Position A 66% [n=274] and class II 55% [n=229] were found to be the most common

Body mass index before and after provison of complete dentures

Good diet is essential for the development and maintenance of healthy teeth, but healthy teeth are important in enabling the consumption of a varied and healthy diet throughout the life cycle. Toot loss impairs chewing function and may result in the consumption of a limited diet of poor nutritional quality and may impact on diet-related quality of life. To be able to eat better is one of the main reasons for the provision of dental prostheses, the other reasons being aesthetics and speech. The objective of this study was to compare body mass index [BMI] of the patient before and after provision of complete denture therapy in a six months period. Seventy completely edentulous patients were included in this quasi-experimental study with age ranges between fifty five to sixty five years. Body Mass Index [BMI] was calculated at baseline, three and six month interval after provision of complete denture. Within the limitations of this study, no significant differences were found in BMI, before and after provision of complete denture

Tooth shade perceptibility of undergraduate students, house surgeons and postgraduate residents

The objective of the study was to assess the shade perception abilities of undergraduate students in comparison to house surgeons and postgraduate residents on the basis of their clinical experience and technical education and training received on tooth shade selection. For this, a cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on a sample of 80 subjects, equally divided into two groups: Group I included undergraduate students and Group II included graduates doing house job or postgraduate training. All subjects were randomly divided into two further groups: the ET-group, which received proper education and training in shade selection; the non-ET-group, which did not receive such education. A shade selection exercise was devised using two Vitapan Classical shade guides. The number of correct matches established the participant's score, which was used in data analysis through the Chi-square test. Only 10 participants scored the maximum of 4 points including 2 students of Group I [2.5%] and 8 postgraduate residents of Group II [10.0%]. All of them belonged to the ET-group, which was a significant finding [P<0.05]. It was concluded that clinical experience and technical education and training received enables the observer to perform better at shade selection

Relationship of age, gender and skin tone to shades of permanent maxillary central incisors

The objective of this study was to correlate shades of teeth to skin color according to age and gender. The study sample comprised 200 patients ranging in age from 16 to 55 years, divided into four age groups of 50 each. Shade of middle third of labial surface of maxillary central incisor was recorded visually with the help of Vitapan 3D-Master shade guide under standardized lighting. Color of back of the hands was recorded with the help of Ideal Balance Quick Stick makeup shades, and divided into three skin tone groups. The paired samples T-test was applied at 95% confidence interval. Our results revealed a significant association [P<0.001] when either age or gender was correlated with shades of teeth and color of the skin. It was concluded that both tooth shade and skin color were strongly related with each other and with the age and gender of the patients. This information can be used effectively for fabrication of more life-like dentures