RESUMO
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the pattern dyslipidimia in patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration: This study was carried out in General Medicine department of Peoples Medical University and Hospital Nawabshah and Civil Hospital Karachi, from June 2011 to July 2012
Methodology: This study consisted of seventy patients. Detailed history was taken from all the patients with special regard to increased thirst and frequent urination, increased hunger, weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, slow-healing sores or frequent infections and an areas of darkened skin. Inclusion criteria were that all patients after counseling for study and taking written consent were included in this study >35 years of age with either sex admitted in general medicine ward through outpatient department and diagnosed as case of DM type 2 on the basis of history, clinical examination and investigations. Exclusion criteria included patients on dialysis, patients on lipid lowering agents, patients with acute complication of diabetes mellitus such as diabetic keto-acidosis, patients suffering from hypothyroidism, nephritic syndrome, type 1 DM and HTN, lacticacidosis and hypoglycemia. Results were prepared with the help of tables and graphs. Data was analyzed through SPSS software
Results: Out of 70 patients included in this study 46 were men [65.8%] and 24 patients were female [34.2%]; with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. There was wide variation of age ranging from a minimum of 35 year to 75 year. The mean age was 48.65+7.8 years. Mean total serum cholesterol was 196.04 +/- 44.02mg/dl, mean serum triglycerides was 193.04 +/- 108.64 mg/dl , mean high density lipoprotein 29.28 +/- 8.48mg/dl, mean low density lipoprotein 125.24 +/- 39.68mg/dl and mean very low density lipoprotein was 31.28 +/- 8.48 mg/dl. Total cholesterol was abnormal [>200mg/dl] in 56[80%] patients out of 70[ 21[87.5%] were females and 35 [76.1%] were males], Triglycerides was abnormal [>150mg/dl] in 62[88.5%] patients [ 22 [91.66 %] were females and 40 [86.95%] were males], high density lipoprotein was abnormal [< 35 mg/dl] in 51[72.8%] patients[ 18[75%] were females and 33[71.73%] were males], LDL was abnormal [>130 mg/dl] in 40[57.1%] patients [ 17 [70.83%] were females and 23[50%] were males] and VLDL was abnormal [> 30 mg/dl] in 47[67.14%] patients [19[79.16%] were females and 28[60.86%] were males]
Conclusions: We conclude that dyslipidemia is common among type 2 diabetic patients. Males are more prone to suffer from this complication. Patterns of dyslipidemia found more commonly were decreased HDL levels, increased LDL and Triglycerides levels. There is a need for early detection and treatment of this problem to prevent type 2 diabetic complications
RESUMO
To determine the frequency of dyslipidemias in patients with stroke and to compare the lipid levels in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. An observational study. Medical wards of Civil Hospital Karachi. January 2010 to June 2011. A total of three hundred and fifty- five patients above the age of 18 years with clinical evidence of stroke. CT scan brain and fasting lipid levels were done in all patients. The lipid levels were compared between the ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 16.0. Out of the 355 patients 161 [45.4%] had dyslipidemia. Among the dyslipidemic patients, there was not a statistically significant difference in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL and HDL levels between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. [p- value > 0.05]. There is a high frequency of dyslipidemia in stroke patients. While comparing ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes there was not a significant difference between the various lipid fractions.