A review on phytochemical constituents, role on metabolic diseases, and toxicological assessments of underutilized part of Garcinia mangostana L. fruit

Metabolic diseases are one of the problems in public health and become the major causes of mortality. These have ledthe scientist to solve the metabolic disease-related problems by exploring some natural medicine and phytochemicalsto prevent and to treat them. One of the plant medicines potential to be developed is Garcinia mangostana L. ormangosteen which belongs to the family Clusiaceae. The underutilized part of the fruit including pericarp and seed isa promising candidate as herbal medicine, particularly to treat and to prevent the metabolic diseases. This review wasaimed to update some research findings regarding the biological activities of the underutilized parts of mangosteen(pericarp and seed) along with phytochemical components. During this review, some information which are relevantto the study have been compiled using scientific literature from electronic search engines, including ScienceDirect,PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and other scientific electronic resources. Additional literature works wereobtained from book chapters, books, websites, government reports, and other related sources. The underutilized partof mangosteen fruit is rich in xanthone derivatives as value-added constituents. The pericarp and seed also containthe derivatives of benzophenones, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. This study highlighted on the possible medicinalproperties, especially for metabolic diseases such as obesity and lipid metabolism disorder, high blood pressure,diabetes along with its complication, and cancer. Besides, toxicological assessments were discussed to ensure thesafety and trust of the consumers.

Significance and production technology of some important spices of medicinal value

Pakistan is rich in plants of significant medicinal value whereas masses are unaware of theit significance and production technology. Therefore a brief account of significance and production technology of some important spices is described in this paper to.encourage progressive growers to cultivate these on commercial basis and get better returns per unit land along with saving valuable foreign exchange