Burden of diabetes mellitus in the families of medical students of lower Sindh

The non communicable diseases are chronic and exist in human body for long period, diabetes is one of those. The origin word of diabetes means siphon or a pipe from which water or any liquid can pass to another container or bottle the word mellitus is Latin and it means sweet, thus diabetes mellitus means sweet urine excreted from the body of person. To ask history of Diabetes in the families of Medical Students. To alculate the burden of diabetes patients present in the family. cross sectional study. This study was carried out at faculty of community medicine and Public Health Sciences Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences Jamshoro from 1[st] February 2013 to 31[st] May 2013. It is a cross sectional through a pre design and pre tested. Questionnaire having questions about personal bio data like age, sex, rural, urban, merit seats or self financed seats admission history of diabetes in the family and other relevant. The study shows male and female gender of students out of total 154 medical students there were male were 42 [27.27%] and there were 112 [72.72%] female students regarding the type of History of Diabetes in Families of medical students out of total medical students 154, there were 59 [38.31 %] who reported history of diabetes while 95 [61.68%] of no history of diabetes in their families. The Glucometer is a small machine, available in 53 [34.41%] families-and not available 101[65.58%] in the families of the students. The distribution of students according to seat of admission shows out of total 154 students who participated in the study 733 were on merit while 82 were on self finance which means having good income source. The study concludes that there is high burden of diabetes in medical students families in Sindh. Majority is managed on diet, more counseling is required

Frequency of hypertension in male and female medical students of public sector university of Jamshoro in hilly region

To evaluate the Frequency of Hypertension in male and female Medical students of Public Sector University of Jamshoro in hilly region. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro from October 2012 to November 2012. A total of 94 Medical students studying in 4[th] year MBBS were randomly selected and were administered questionnaire comprising sections on personal information, gender distribution, age distribution, current status of hypertension, hobbies, family history of hypertension, father's occupation, blood pressure readings by using a standardized calibrated mercury column type sphygmomanometer [Certeza CE model CR 2001] in Medical ward were recorded and careful clinical examination of CVS by Senior and trained Doctors. Among male students 26 of Normal [<130/<85 mmHg], 05 of Prehypertension [130-139/85-89 mmHg], Among females 53 of Normal, 08 of prehypertension and 02 of mild hypertension [140-159/90-99 mmHg] .Some subjects had reduced physical activity with preference of watching TV and reading books. Majority of the students were normotensives. The study concludes that the hypertension is a problem of medical students, detection of common habits that might be correlated with hypertension which needs regular counseling and lifestyle changes, awareness and prevention about hypertension

Indus water related mortality and morbidity due to water borne diseases outbreak in Hyderabad

Much of the ill health in developing countries is connected to unsafe drinking water. The number of sick people suffering from water borne diseases in a year is more than 2.5 billion out of this 2 million die. Diarrhea is top killer of children in Pakistan. River water is most polluted water and carries, chemical substances, pathogens, which cause water borne diseases. Indus river flows on the west of Hyderabad city. An outbreak of water borne diseases occurred in Hyderabad in 2004. To analyze epidemiological data of water borne outbreak in Hyderabad during 2004. To collect data from various hospitals and director general health record, admission of patients and their mortality. To calculate the case fatality rate of water borne diseases among the patients who were treated admitted in Hyderabad city hospitals. Epidemiological cross sectional study. This study based on the data pertaining to Indus water pollution which occurred in the summer month of 2004. The study is epidemiological based on the data of water borne diseases due to Indus water pollution in Hyderabad city. Five hospitals where patients were admitted and 8 sites from where water samples were collected and tested. A special proforma and survey of hospitals and director general health Sindh reports were used for the study. There were 4979 patients who were admitted in big hospitals of Hyderabad. The laboratory report of the samples shows total dissolved salts 1536, coliform bacteria and conductivities parameters were unfit and above the permissible level of World health organization standards. Case fatality rate was 7.43 per thousand. The major hospitals were the main facilities to treat the patients. Only the fresh water from Sukkur barrage and community awareness of using safe and alternative water in Hyderabad improve the water borne outbreak. The medical universities must create awareness for water borne diseases

Psychological effects among internally displaced persons [IDPS] residing in two districts of Sindh

To identify the psychological effects of IDPs and to assess the psychological illnesses. Descriptive Cross Sectional study. This study was conducted at shelters surrounding the campus of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro and New Sabzi Mandi, Hyderabad after 1 month of the flood. During study 300 affected Internally Displaced Persons [IDPs] were examined for physical, social and psychological effects after one month of flood through structured interviews. We focused on the behavior and activities according to Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV [DSM-IV] to identify psychological effects. Beside that the history of diet manual in children, male and female gender was addressed. Out of 300 respondents, the mean age was 40 years. According to DSM IV, 134 [44%] participants met the criteria of depression. 30 [10%] IDPs reported aggression. 26 [9%] IDPs met the criteria of post traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], 110 [37%] IDPs reported lack of sleep. Geographically Pakistan faces frequent natural calamities. In recent past Pakistan has suffered a lot due to floods. There is need to focus on mental health of internally displaced persons which is most neglected aspect during and after flood and disasters. The government and nongovernment organizations should make implementing policy to take care of post health issues of IDPs

review of septic induced abortion cases in one year at Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar

Working in a tertiary level hospital we get complicated cases as a result of termination or attempts at termination of unwanted pregnancies. Most of the patients that we get are complicated and need expensive treatments including surgery. This study was conducted to assess the out come of septic induced abortion cases in a year. It was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, unit B, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from 1.7.01 to 30.6.02. The data of a total of 28 patients admitted as emergency cases with septic induced abortion in above period were collected. History, management given, post operative care, complications and associated morbidity and mortality were taken into account and result compiled. 78.5% patients with unsafe abortions were multi gravida. Termination was attempted at home or other small centers. 57% had history of surgical interference, 28.5% had used a mechanical device. 78.5% patients needed evacuation and curettage, 42% had laparotomy for visceral injuries. 15% patients had a subtotal hysterectomy. 57% patients had associated complications. 7.5% patients who came with septicemic shock died. Septic induced abortion is an important contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality, increasing the burden on not only the patients but health workers and their resources. However, it is preventable, and we suggest commitment to health education, family planning promotion and bringing down the rates of unsafe abortions as solutions to the problems

Maternal and perinatal outcome in eclampsia, a one year study

To estimate the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality due to eclampsia. Material and This study was conducted between 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2001, in Gynae 'B' unit Khyber teaching Hospital Peshawar. The data of a total of 25 patients presenting with eclampsia during the above period were analyzed. All emergency measures and treatment were taken into account and all surgical methods used, thoroughly reviewed. The presence of complications and maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality were taken into account and compiled. Maternal Outcome:Twenty one [84%] out of 25 survived without long term complication. Four [16%] out of 25 cases deteriorated despite all the care and finally succumbed. One had cardio vascular accident, one had acute pulmonary oedema and cardiac arrest and 2 developed DIC and irreversible shock. Two out of the 4 who died were post caesarean section. Maternal morbidity was higher in the form of chest infection and renal complication. Perinatal out come:15 out of 25 babies were delivered alive, 10 survived healthily and 5 had neonatal deaths. 2 due to prematurity, 2 IRDS and 1 due to birth asphyxia. Ten out of 25 were intrauterine deaths and still births and these also included babies with anenceph and a meningocele. All patients were from low socioeconomic class and were not booked. These figures show the seriousness of the problem and the question it poses to our existing state of maternal health care, thus guiding us to work harder and develop new approaches to achive the goal set up by safe mother hood concepts