Frequency of hepatitis-D in HbsAg positive cases at Peoples university of medical and health sciences for women hospital Nawabshah

To find out the frequency of delta virus [HDV] in HBV positive patients. Observational Study. This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine PUMHS Nawabshah form 01-01-2011 to 31-12-2011. 200 adult patents of conformed Hepatitis B were included in the study blood samples of all the patients were screened for HDV by Elisa method / PCR during period of one yare. Clinical status of positive and negative patients was also compared. Anti HDV was found in 32 patients [15%1] among them 20 [62%] were male and 12 [38%] were female. The prevalence of HDV infection in HBV +ve patients is significant our area. Primary eradication of Hepatitis B virus is required

Guillain Barre syndrome [GBS], the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis at peoples medical college hospital Nawabshah

To identify and treat the acute flaccid paralysis in interior of Sindh reported at PMCH Nawabshah. Retrospective, with proper date and record. Medicine and ICU Department at Peoples Medical College Hospital Nawabshah from 31[st] January to 31[st] October 2009. Patients of all 3 medical units were involved in the study during this period. 50 patients with acute flaccid paralysis [AFP] were admitted in Intensive Care Unit of Peoples medical college Hospital Nawabshshah with support of all emergency measures and were evaluated. 50 patients presented with AFP during study period. 40 were males and 10 were females. GBS was the leading cause of AFP. Majority of the patients were young, out come was excellent. 2 patients died due to respiratory failure. GBS is the leading cause of AFP in adults in interior of the Sindh while facilities for treatment are limited, which need to be extended in the hospitals situated in interior of Pakistan i.e. ICU and plasmopharesis

Acute and late complications of organophosphate poisoning

To describe the acute and late complications of organophosphate [OP] poisoning. Case series. Medicine Department at Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah, from June 2008 to December 2009. A total of 300 patients with organophosphate poisoning admitted to the Medical ICU were included. Baseline investigations included blood complete picture, urea, creatinine, arterial blood gas values, and serum cholinesterase levels. Data was retrieved from the files on a structured proforma. Studied variables included gender, mode of exposure, acute [occurring within 4 weeks] and delayed [occurring after 4 weeks onwards] complications. There were 50 [16.66%] males and 250 [83.33%] females with ratio of 1:5. Two hundred and forty eight [82.6%] had ingested while 18 [6%] had inhaled the poison. Acute complications included fits in 50 [16.66] bradycardia in 30 [10%] and hyperglycemia in 15 [5%] patients. Delayed complications [after 4 weeks and later] included monoplegia and mild sensory loss of lower limbs in 4 [2.66] and paraplegia and weakness of upper limbs in 2 [0.66%] patients each. A total of 50 patients died due to different complications in acute period making a mortality rate of 16.66%. Frequency of acute organophosphate [OP] poisoning complications is much higher and related with high mortality and morbidity and where as late complications are less frequent and less life threatening

Seasonal paradox in acute meningitis at Nawabshah

To assess the reasons for paradoxical increase in cases of meningitis in the summer of the year 2001. Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Medical Unit III, Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah, Pakistan, from 1st January, 2001 to 31st December, 2001. Subjects and A total number of 229 cases of meningitis were admitted throughout the year with typical clinical features or CSF findings. Maximum number [179] was noted from April to July, which was alarming. The reason for this change was assessed in these cases. One hundred and seventy-nine cases of meningitis presented from 1st April to 31st July 2001. They were predominantly males n= 107 [59.7%] with age range of 15 to 64 years. Presenting symptoms were fever and headache in all and altered sensorium in 160 [89%] cases with positive signs of meningeal irritation in 175 [97.8%]. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed altered biochemistry and neutrophil leucocytosis in all cases. Organism was identified in 139 [77.65%] cases on gram staining. Culture was done only in 61 [34.07%]. Predisposing factors were smoking in 93 [52%] and diabetes in 17 [9.5%] cases. Five female patients were pregnant. Common organisms detected were gram positive diplococci [Streptococcus pneumoniae] in 83 [59.7%], gram negative diplococci [Nisseria meningitides] in 51 [36.7%] and Haemophilus influenzae in 5 [3.6%]. As the frequency of isolates were approximately same as in other seasons, the increased in meningitis cases during summer was probably due to hot and dry weather causing low absolute humidity