Assessment of hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation at tertiary care hospitals

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and analyze the degree of deafness in tympanic membrane perforation based on size, site and duration of perforation

METHODS: 90 patients of both sex were selected randomly for this study with age 20 years and above randomly. Size of tympanic membrane perforation was evaluated under operating microscope

Patients were divided into three groups according to size; group I [small], Group II [medium], Group III [large]. Hearing loss was measured in each case with pure tone audiometry

RESULTS: Deafness increased as the perforation size increased [I vs. II [t - 3.23,p <0.01], II vs. III [t - 7.19, p < 0.001], I vs. III [t - 10.88, p < 0.001]]. The degree of deafness was more in posterior quadrant perforation than anterior quadrant perforation but difference was not significant statistically [t - 1.25, p [0.05]. The degree of deafness was more in malleolar perforation [t - 4.64, p < 0.01]. Deafness increased as the duration of disease increased [A vs. B [t - 3.01, p < 0.03], A vs. C [t - 6.49, p < 0.001], B vs. C

Recurrent nasal polyps: an experience at liaquat university hospital hyderabad and civil hospital karachi

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the factors related with recurrence of nasal polyps in patients operated by traditional sinus surgery [nasal polypectomy, ethmoidectomy]

METHODS: A prospective study was executed comprising of 150 patients who undergone nasal polypectomy from 2004 to 2009. The median follow-up period was 25 months [range 12 months to 65 months]. The variables considered with polyp recurrence namely; age, gender, history of purulent nasal discharge, facial pain, anosmia, post nasal dripping [PND], headache, nasal allergy, asthma and computed tomography [C.T] staging. Analysis of recurrences was accomplished using independent sample t-test, chi-square and Fishers exact test. A p value of p < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance

RESULTS: During the study period, recurrences developed in 50 patients, with a rate of 33%. No association of recurrence with age, gender, purulent nasal discharge, facial pain, anosmia, post nasal dripping, headache, nasal allergy, and asthma were observed. The C.T staging was significantly higher among the group with recurrence as compared to the group without recurrence [ p < 0.001]

CONCLUSION: Patients presenting with extensive disease suggested by C.T scan staging are at higher risk for the development of recurrences after endonasal surgery for nasal polyps