RESUMO
Testicular artery (previously known as internal spermatic artery or also known as gonadal artery) is an artery that branches from the anterolateral part of abdominal aorta at the level of the second lumbar vertebra and supplies the blood to the testes. Anatomical variations of the testicular vessels are not frequently reported in the literature. The available data demonstrates that there is an overall decrease in the number of cadaver studies published in the literature. The current case demonstrates a unique variation where the right testicular artery began as a common trunk with superior polar, inferior phrenic, capsular arteries and then had an unusual course covering the surface of the kidney. The left testicular artery, had a high origin from the aorta and also descended in an oblique course, covering the kidney. The current case is important because of its implications in renal transplantation, renal and adrenal surgery, vascular surgery, oncological surgery and other disciplines.