Factors Associated With Poor Nutritional Status Among Hemodialysis Patients in Malaysia

@#Introduction: Poor nutritional status is prevalent among hemodialysis patients, with limited studies available on how it is being influenced by other factors in the local context. The current study aimed to determine the nutritional status and its associated factors among hemodialysis patients. Methods: This was a study undertaken in a total of 455 hemodialysis patients (256 men and 199 women). The main outcome measure was Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS), which was utilized to identify nutritional and inflammatory status of the hemodialysis patients. Other evaluation tools included anthropometry and biochemical measurements as well as dietary assessment. Results: A high proportion of hemodialysis patients were malnourished (64.4%) and presented with inflammation (67.5%). Using multiple linear regression analysis, factors contributing to malnutrition were older age, lower lean body mass, higher interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), inadequate intakes of energy and protein, as well as presence of comorbidities and inflammation. Conclusion: The presence of malnutrition and inflammation were prevalent among hemodialysis patients. Several determinants of poor nutritional status of hemodialysis patients were modifiable and should be recognized while formulating and implementing appropriate intervention plans for this vulnerable group.

Relationship between Sociodemographics, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity with Gestational Weight Gain among Pregnant Women in Rafsanjan City, Iran.

Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a determinant of health and nutrition of mothers and offspring. However, many factors associated with GWG are not completely understood. The present study assessed the relationship between sociodemographics, dietary intake, and physical activity with GWG in 308 Iranian pregnant women attending government healthcare centres in Rafsanjan city, Iran. Women gained an average of 12.87±3.57 kg during pregnancy while 54% did not gain weight within the Institute of Medicine (IOM)-recommended range. Univariate logistic models showed that gestaional weight gain was related to age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and sitting time. Cumulative logit model showed positive relationship between age (p=0.0137) and pre-pregnancy BMI (p<0.0001) with GWG. All pregnant women should be counselled on achieving the reccomended GWG to prevent adverse maternal and prenatal outcomes. Pre-pregnancy and gestational nutritional status and physical activity should be emphasized in antenatal care.