To study the influence of different grades of Ethylcellulose ether derivative polymer Ethocel[registered] and co-excipient on drug release profile of controlled release matrix tablet of acarbose

The aim of the study presented is to formulate and evaluate Acarbose controlled release matrix tablets by means of different grades of polymer Ethocel and different co-excipients with the intention to see their effects on drug release profile during in vitro dissolution studies. Controlled release dosage forms is gaining rapid popularity due to its positive aspect of reduction in dosage frequency and curtailing side effects. Controlled released tablets of Acarbose were prepared by direct compression method, using Ethocel[registered sign] Standard 7 Premium and Ethocel[registered sign] Standard 7 FP premium polymer. The effect of co-excipients including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [HPMC], Carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] and starch on the drug placing 30% lactose were also examined. In-vitro studies were carried out with the help of phosphate buffer [PH 7.4] as dissolution medium. Drug release mechanism was assessed by applying various kinetic models. Similarly / dissimilarity factor f[2]/ f[1] were applied for determination of dissolution profile of the test and reference formulations. Physiochemical characteristics were in the USP satisfactory limits. Conventional Acarbose tablet released 97% of the drug within 2 hrs. Ethocel[registered sign] Standard 7 premium and Ethocel[registered sign] standard 7 FP released 59.9% and 47.01% of the drug within 6 and 99.9% and 97% within 24 hours, respectively. This effect possibly has been aceived owing to the smaller particle size of the Ethocel[registered sign] Standard 7 FP premium which show evidence of anomalous, nonfickian release kinetics. Co-excipients like HPMC, CMC and starch augment the drug release rates from the matrices which may be attributed to their hydrophilic nature. Ethocel[registered sign] Standard 7 Premium and Ethocel[registered sign] Standard premium 7 FP polymers show a promising response in fruitful production of controlled release tablets by direct compression method

pharmacoeconomic study in two tertiary care hospitals in Abbottabad

Pharmacoeconomics has been defined as: the description and analysis of the cost of drug therapy to health care systems and society. Aim was to observe the Medication Therapy on the basis of Phamacoeconomics Analysis and to save the economic resources. This Descriptive Cross sectional study was conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad, from May-August 2011. The case histories of 100 patients were scrutinized thoroughly specially with reference to socioeconomic history, Clinical laboratory tests, Medication history and treatment at hospital and discharge medications. After their collection, these case histories were analyzed with respect to Phamacoeconomics and compared with the world literature. A total of 100 patients were studied. Pharmacoeconomic analysis shows that in 49 Patients' medications were according to international standards while in 51 patients' medications prescribed were irrational. Mutual interaction between physician, surgeon, other healthcare professionals, and clinical pharmacist is necessary to assure rational medication therapy and positive response to therapy of each patient.