Prognostic value of FOXP3 and TGF-beta expression in both peripheral blood and lymph nodes in patients with B-Non Hodgkin's lymphoma

Foxp3 has been studied as a biomarker of Treg cells in many solid malignant diseases, although its role as an immunomodulator in B-NHL remain poorly understood and the effect of traditional chemotherapy on its expression remains unclear. In this study the role of circulating and intra-tumoral Treg and TGF-beta in patients with B-NHL before and after chemotherapy was evaluated. Enumeration of Treg cells was carried out by flow cytometric staining of their cell surface markers CD4 and CD25 as well as by molecular analysis of its signature transcription factor FoxP3. Expression of FoxP3 was done using quantitative real-time PCR while TGF-beta mRNA expression was semi-quantitatively assayed by the conventional reverse transcription-PCR. In addition, spontaneous versus mitogen-induced release of TGF-beta by PBMCs was assessed by a short term cell culture followed by ELISA. This was done before and after six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy. The results were evaluated in relation to the clinicopathological data. A significant increase in mRNA transcripts of both Fox P3 and TGF-beta as well as the percentage of CD4[+] /CD25[+] in B-NHL patients before receiving the chemotherapy were recorded, when compared either to healthy controls or to patients after completion the treatment regimen. Interestingly 6 cycles of CHOP treatment caused significant reduction in all parameters under study

Immune dysregulation associated with breast cancer

In an attempt to understand the prognostic significance of p53, apoptosis and sIL-2R in cancer breast, their serum levels were evaluated in 15 breast cancer patients by enzyme linked immunoassay. While, DNA fragmentation was assessed as a marker of apoptosis using photometric sandwich ELISA technique. Ten healthy women as controls were also included. A significant increase in serum p53 [8.18 +/- 0.4 u/ml] and apoptosis [1.56 +/- 0.32 u/ml] was recorded in cancer patients than in the control [6.29 +/- 0.38 u/ml and 0.114 +/- 0.009 u/ml, respectively]. This increase was positively correlated with the stage of carcinoma. A significant increase in serum sIL-2R was also observed in patients [1156.74 +/- 176.27 u/ml] than in the control subjects [774.145 +/- 40.641 u/ml]

Biochemical studies on blood platelets of chronic renal failure patients and their relations to impairment of platelet function

Abnormal bleeding is a major complication of chronic renal failure. Among the multiple causes of this defect is impaired platelet function as reduced platelet adhesiveness defective aggregation by thrombin and adenosine diphosphate, and inhibition of release reaction. The aim of this study was to find a correlation between impaired platelet function and changes of the biochemical structure of the plaselets. The platelets of 15 patients with chronic renal failure and ten normal subjects [controls] were studied for total proteins, lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol and total carbohydrates, and protein components separated by electrophoresis. Also the enzyme activities of Na[+]-K[+]-Mg[+2] adenosine triphosphatase and monoamine oxidase were studied. The results showed increased concentration of total lipids, phospholipids and a qualitative change in protein components of uremic platelets. On the other hand, the activities of Na[+]-K[+]-Mg[+2] adenosine triphosphatase and monoamine oxidase were decreased. These results were discussed in the light of their effect on platelet physiological functions