RESUMO
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes, formerly known as autoimmune polyendocrinopathies, are rare autoimmune diseases characterized by the involvement of two endocrine tissues with functional endocrine failure. The presence of non-endocrine autoimmune damage and common genetic susceptibility, have made more acceptable the new nomination. These diseases provide a clinical model to better understand the mechanisms involved in autoimmunity in general. Advances in neuro and endocrine immunology allowed reviewing the classification of the autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes. We recognize currently two autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes: The type 1 which is an autosomal recessive monogenic disease and the type 2, the most frequent, which is a multigenic one. On the other hand, new syndromic entities are now part of the autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes
RESUMO
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the daily dietary intake of type 2 diabetes patients attending Mohamed VI hospital in Marrakech during Ramadan 2010. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected by interview, and qualitative and quantitative food intake, based on French nutritional tables, was assessed by a dietician. Of the 71 patients recruited, 55% were fasting. The average age of participants was 56.3 [SD 11.2] years. There were no statistically significant clinical differences between the fasting and nonfasting groups except for overweight/obesity and insulin dependence, which were more prevalent in the nonfasting group. The mean total daily caloric intake was significantly lower in the fasting than nonfasting group [1447.5 [SD 756.3] versus 1919.0 [SD 823.4] Kcal/d], as was the carbohydrate, lipid and protein intake. Carbohydrate intake was 57% and 56% of total calories. Overall during Ramadan the diet of the fasting group was calorie deficient and inadequate while for non-fasters it was excessive, which put them at risk of complications. Nutritional education may be needed for diabetic patients for Ramadan