[Similar to me effect among managers of Tehran university of medical sciences]

Introduction: Considering the importance of selecting competent people for governmental organizations to obtain optimal effectiveness and performance, this study aimed to investigate the impact of similar-to-me effect among top and middle managers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Methods: The present cross- sectional study was conducted on 130 top and middle managers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used for data collection. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the data

Results: There was significant statistical relationships between similar-to-me effect and groupthink [p= 0.005], functional conflict [p= 0.001], and narcissism [P < 0.0001]

Conclusion: Based on the results, it is recommended to inform managers about inappropriate impacts of similar-to-me effect by means of education and cultural training

Second generation of HIV surveillance system: a pattern for Iran

For the purpose of minimizing the HIV/AIDS epidemic effects, one of the programs is the promotion of scientific methods and setting of the suitable surveillance systems. The present research was conducted to design the HIV/AIDS surveillance system in Iran applying WHO recommendations and the experience of some countries. In 2009, based on the country's requirements, the HIV/AIDS surveillance system was proposed and designed for Iran. The Delphi technique was utilized to find the views of experts. Data analysis was conducted based on a comparison of the attributes of the HIV/AIDS surveillance systems in the countries under consideration using a descriptive and theoretical analysis. The model was approved obtaining the final score of 36.3 out of 44, viz 82.5%. Designing and performing of the HIV/AIDS surveillance pattern in the direction of "second generation of HIV/AIDS surveillance" can be considered as an important step in the improvement of the patient's control and precaution of HIV/AIDS

[Transportation management in pre-hospital emergency with physiological early warning scores]

Pre-hospital emergency services in Iran need to move towards evidence-based services. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiological early warning scoring system [PEWS] used to manage the transportation of the internal medicine patients. In this cross-sectional study, the study population constituted internal medicine patients transported by pre-hospital emergency in Semnan province. Physiological early warning scoring system was used as the data collection instrument. Data were analyzed by the use of descriptive and analytic statistics [Pearson correlation coefficient] by means of SPSS 19 software. The mean of the physiological scoring was found to be 2.38 +/- 2.42. About 28.9% of the patients transported to the hospitals did not need emergency treatments. There was a significant relationship between physiological early warning scoring and the patients' needs to pre-hospital emergency services. Although the physiological early warning scoring system is a suitable tool to manage the transportation of internal medicine patients, the system fails to identify patients who have no immediate need for emergency services. Further investigation is, therefore, required to apply this tool

[ relationship between servant leadership and job involvment of staff in teaching hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan university of medical sciences: 2011]

Servant leadership, a newly developed concept of leadership, emphasizes on increased services to others, as well as a holistic attitudes toward people, individual development and shared decision making. The servant-leadership philosophy focuses on servant leader, training staff and developing services in the society. This research aimed to study the relationship between servant leadership and its four dimensions [servicing, humility, trust and agapao love] as independent variables and job involvement as a dependent variable, among the staff of teaching hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences KUMS. This was a descriptive - analytical study conducted in 2011. The population included 151 staff of teaching hospitals affiliated to KUMS. Data were collected through Servant Leadership and Job Involvement Questionnaires and were analyzed using SPSS software, descriptive statistics and spearman correlation test. There was a significant and positive correlation between servant leadership and its four dimensions and job involvement among the staff of teaching hospitals affiliated to KUMS [r=0.343 and P-Value<001]. The mean scores for servant leadership and job involvement were 2.56 and 2.78 out of 4, respectively. The high correlation between servant leadership and job involvement and a moderate correlation between servant leadership and job involvement suggest that managers should always be pioneers in serving customers inside and outside their organizations and consider this as their major responsibility

[Analysis of the efficiency and optimal consumption of resources in selected hospitals in Urmia province through data envelopment analysis]

The recognition of economics of hospitals, as integral and costly components of health care systems, is vital for assessing their efficiency and the factors affecting them. The study through Data Envelopment Analysis [DEA] aimed to determine the efficiency of selected hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. This was a descriptive-analytic [cross-sectional and retrospective] study conducted in 2009. Input variables included the number of active beds, doctors and other personnel and output variables encompassed outpatients' admission and occupied day-bed. The data were analyzed through DEA method and Deap [2.1] software with variable return to scale assumption. Slack and radial movements, the efficiency of the hospitals and the excessive use of inputs were determined. The mean scores of technical, managerial and scale efficiency of the hospitals were 0.584, 0.782 and 0.771, respectively. Four hospitals enjoyed the maximum technical efficiency [1]. The capacity of efficiency enhancement was about 41.5% without any increase in costs, applying the same amount of inputs. A decrease of surplus production factor based on the results of DEA can lead to a reduction in expenditures. In hospitals with technical efficiency of less than one, the original and projected values of inputs were different and had a surplus. It is suggested that hospitals decrease their surplus from original values to achieve the expected optimal performance. The results could be applied in hospitals as a benchmark for decision making about resource allocation, controlling and improving hospital performance

[ effect of employee training on insurance deduction rate at firoozgar teaching hospital: 2008-2009]

Due to the low tariff of diagnostic and treatment services in hospitals as well as the high costs of delivering the health care services, the necessity of receiving all revenues from the insurance organizations can be justified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of employee training on insurance deduction rate at Firoozgar Teaching Hospital. The present study was longitudinal, analytical, cross-sectional, and applied in nature. The population consisted of the insurance documents of all hospitalized patients insured by the two insurance organizations of 'Social Security' and 'Medical Services' [1685 and 1330 files, respectively] in Firoozgar Teaching Hospital during spring 2007 and spring 2008. Data were processed by SPSS software and were analyzed using paired t-tests. The average percentage of management errors in insurance documents was 1.38 and 3.25 before and after the training, respectively. Furthermore, the amount of deductions decreased from 9.13 to 9.6 before and after the training, respectively. The effect of training on errors was confirmed considering both insurance organization types [P

[Familial werding-hoffmann: a rare incidence]

Werding-Hoffmann disease is a degenerative disease of motor neurons that begins in fetus and continues to be progressive in infancy and childhood. Most of them die by 2 years of age because of respiratory failure. The simplest and most accurate method of diagnosis is detection of serum genetic marker of SMA. In this article a neonate with Werding-Hoffmann disease is studied; the importance being that the disease was detected in his parents by DNA analysis. The two previous siblings died during infancy because of respiratory failure and muscular weakness. There was also a positive family history of an abortion during the second trimester; in other words an Autosomal Recessive [AR] disease affecting all of the 4 siblings. Werding-hoffmann is an AR disease with a rare familial incidence

[Prevalence of urinary tract infection in neonates with prolonged jaundice referred to Aliasghar hospital in Zahedan [2005]]

Prolonged jaundice is defined as a type of icterus lasting over 14 dyas in term neonates or over 21 days in preterm neonates. Various pathologic causes such as urinary tract infection may induce prolonged jaundice. To determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection in neonates with prolonged jaundice. This was a cross sectional study carried out at Aliasghar hospital in Zahedan [Iran] during 2005. A total of 230 neonates with prolonged jaundice were investigated, conveniently. Using a urine bag, single sample was collected from all patients followed by culture. In case of a positive urine culture [>10[5] CFU/ml of a single pathogen], a second urine sample was taken by suprapublic method and cultured again. The reappearance of previously identified single pathogen was indicative of the presence of urinary tract infection. The data were analyzed using Chi square statistical test. Out of 230 neonates, 138 [60%] were males and 92 [40%] females. Positive urine culture was identified in 17 [7.4%] samples while the majority of samples [213] produced negative results. The organisms isolated in urine cultures were E coli in 13 samples [76.5%]. Klebsiella in 3 cases [17.6%] and Staphylococcus aureus in 1 sample [5.9%]. Regarding the gender, no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of urinary tract infection and the types of pathogens was found. Based on our data, a urine culture should be considered while bilirubin work-up of infants with unknown etiology of prolonged jaundice is carried out