[Effect of physical activity on depression in obese women]

Depression is a mood disorder that is considered as a world epidemic problem. The prevalence of depression among women is twice of men. It accompanies some complications such as immobility and obesity. Literature shows women are at greater risk of obesity and consequent depression which both contribute in worsening women's physical, emotional and health problems. Physical activities are ways to reduce depression. Conducing the present study which aimed to determine effect of physical activity on depression in obese women in Iran is therefore necessary. A quasi-experimental study was conducted. 222 depressed and obese women, referred to healthcare centers located in zone 17 of Tehran for their healthcare issues were recruited to the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups of intervention and control after being diagnosed by Beck standard questionnaire. Intervention group had physical activities as study intervention. The effects of physical activities were assessed before and after the intervention in both groups. All statistics were computed by the SPSS software, using Pearson, Chi-square, Kolmogrov - Smirnov and Mann Whitney tests. The study demonstrated that after exercise, 70.1% of samples had reached to normal level. Depression level of obese women in intervention and control groups were found to be significantly different [P=0.001, NNT=2]. The study showed that doing exercise was effective in reducing the level of depression in women and the number of women in need of treatment and prevention of bad outcome was two persons. So the study recommends including excersice to daily plans of Iranian women. This is a key point for adding exercise program to Iranian women daily activity living. All organization who have health affairs need to consider the correlation between life style and mental health as part of mental health plans for the society in order to present the complication of depression

[Effects of relaxation on primary dysmenorhea among first year nursing and midwifery female students]

Dysmenorrhea is a common problem in young women that affect their activities. Various alternative methods including relaxation have been proposed to manage primary dysmenorrheal. The objective of this research is to study the effects of relaxation on primary dysmenorrhea among first year nursing and midwifery female students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This is a quasi-experimental study. The samples [n=80] were randomly assigned in two groups. Experiment group [N=40] received the relaxation technique. Relaxation technique was done twice a day; each section lasted 20 minutes for 3 menstruation cycles. The questionnaire on pain measurement were completed in the first, second and third day of cycle. Control group [N=40], completed questionnaire in the same days. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and tested using chi-square, t-test - Willcoxcon and fisher exact tests. The result showed that relaxation therapy had no significant effect on primary dysmenorrhea in the first [P=0.149] and second cycles [P=0.390] in the Experiment group. It had a significant effect on primary dysmenorrhea in third cycle [P=0.023]. The results showed that relaxation technique is an effective method in reducing the symptoms of primary dysmanorrhea in the young women

[Professionalization experiences of newly employed nurses in clinical settings in Iran]

Nursing professionalization is a developmental experience that evolves throughout professional nurses' careers. Nursing systems that prepare nurses include experiences that are important in the early development of nursing identity. This phenomenenon is also foundational to the assumption of various nursing roles. A phenomenological approach was used in order to explore the meanings of professionalization experiences among participants. Data were gathered through series of semi structured interviews. Benner's interpretive method was used for data analysis. From 17 famale and male beginner nurses who worked in different educational and private hospitals in Tehran points of view 5 main themes and 4 subthemes emerged which encompasses the whole experiences of participants' professioalization experiences. These themes included sufficient knowledge, well practical experiences and autonomy in practice to provide a comprehensive care. Faculty understanding of beginning nurses' definitions and experiences of nursing professionalization can provide insights that can be used to develop educational experiences that support and enhance students' professional nursing identity and ultimately affect their future practice. Faculty can also use knowledge of nurses' definitions of professionalization to enrich student learning