RESUMO
Kefir is a probiotic mixture of bacteria and yeast originating from Qafqaz region. The Kefir grain contain s both Lactic acid bacteria [Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Acetobacte and Streptococcus spp.] and yeast [Kluyveromyces, Torula, Candida and Saccharomyces spp.]. Kefir is claimed to have therapeutic effect. This study looked at the antimicrobial activity of Kefir on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antimicrobial activity of Kefir extract were determined on Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ATCC 27853] and on those isolated from burned patient. Effect of antibacterial extracts Kefir fermentation time in both 48 and 72 hours at a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius were determined with the disk plate and well test in vitro. The MIC was defined as the lowest antimicrobial concentration able to completely inhibited bacterial growth up to 24 h. MIC values were determined by microdilution method. The lactic acid contents of the Kefir extracts were determined by reverse-phase HPLC [high performance liquid chromatography]. The result showed that the highest antimicrobial activity of Kefir extract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ATCC 27853] and the burned patient isolation, ranged from 250 mg/mL[MIC] to 250 mg/mL[MBC] on time 96h. The Kefir extract showed significant antimicrobial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ATCC 27853] and the clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
RESUMO
Introduction: Group B streptococci [GBS] have a tendency to colonize female genital tract and is a causing factor of premature delivery. In addition, they can also induce serious life - threatening infections such as meningitis and septecemia in the newborn. GBS infection are generally higher in pre-mature infants in relation to fullterm born neorates
Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of Group B streptococci in genital tract 28-37 weeks of pregnant women
Materials and Methods: In this study specimens were obtained from 100 pregnant women [28 - 37 pregnancy weeks] who had not taken any antibiotics within one-month period prior to sample collection and referred to prenatal ward and special clinic of Alzahra Hospital during summer 2005 in Rasht Three vaginal swabs were taken from each woman. The first swab was used for direct lamb from vaginal secretions.The second swab was inoculated in 3 ml of Todd- Hewitt broth [without antibiotic] and the third swab was inoculated into 3 ml of selective Todd- Hewitt broth, supplemented gentamicin and Nalidixic acid. After 24 h of in cubation at 37[degree]C in 5% CO[2] results of cultures were compared. For identification of isolated strains, the following tests were done, Hemolytic reaction, susceptibility to bacitracin, optochin and SXT discs, CAMP test, bile esculin, Hydrolysis of hippurate
Results: Based on various biochemical and microbiological tests, 15 GBS strains were isolated from the vaginal secretions of 100 pregnant women [28 - 37 pregnancy weeks]. Fifteen strains of Streptococcus Viridans, One case of group A streptococcus Pnenmonea, 5 isolated belonging to the group C, G, F Streptococci, and 30 group D streptococci strains were isolated. Beside streptococci, other microorganisms were also isolated based on Gram staining and growth characteristics on blood agar, and eosin methylene blue agar plates. One hundred Gram positive bacilli, 45 Gram negative bacilli, 60 staphylococci spp, and 40 yeast isolates were also detected
Conclusion: In attention to %15 of 28-37 weeks pregnancy women who were carriers, it is possible that it can cause premature delivery and also infections neonates