18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of crossed cerebellar diaschisis induced by supratentorial tumors / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of crossed cerebellar diaschisis(CCD) induced by supratentorial tumors and the characteristics of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Methods:Eighty-six patients with supratentorial tumors who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT whole-body imaging from January 2017 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Placement, number, size, SUVmax, CT values, relationship with basal ganglia, edema, and cerebellar asymmetry index (AI) were observed and recorded.The imaging differences between patients with CCD and patients without CCD were compared, and the correlations between SUVmax, maximum diameter and cerebellar AI were analyzed.SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test, independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data statistics. Results:Among the 86 patients, 14 were patients with CCD and 72 were patients without CCD.The incidence of CCD was 16.3%.There were statistically significant differences in whether the primary lesions involved the basal ganglia region between patients with CCD and patients without CCD ( χ2=7.637, P=0.006). The cerebellar AI ((0.27±0.09), (0.05±0.02), t=6.847, P=0.003)and maximum diameter of primary lesions((3.98±1.09)cm, (2.36±1.61)cm, t=2.011, P=0.040) in patients with CCD were both larger than those in patients without CCD.There was a significant positive correlation between cerebellar AI and the maximum diameter of primary lesions in patients with CCD ( r=0.375 P=0.028). Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can assist in the diagnosis of crossed cerebellar diaschisis.The primary lesion of supratentorial tumor involving the basal ganglia is more likely to cause crossed cerebellar diaschisis, and the size of the primary lesion is correlated with cerebellar AI.

Correlation between exercise lowering blood pressure and arterial baroreflex sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objectives: To explore the influence of exercise training on the arterial baroreflex sensitivity （BRS）and correlation between blood pressure and BRS in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: Male SHR（n=20）and normotensive Wistar rats（n=20）were randomly assigned to normality group and exercise group, n=10 in each group. Rats in two exercise groups received treadmill training at a speed of 20 m/min for 60 min/d, 6 d/w for eight weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured using a tail-cuff method in a conscious state. Intravenous injections of phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (NP) were used to induce depressor and pressor reflex respectively. The ratio of HR over mean arterial pressure (MAP) (HR /MAP) after administration of PE or NP was regarded as an index of depressor reflex sensitivity (BRS-PE) and pressor reflex sensivity (BRS-NP). Results: After eight-week exercise training, compared with SHR normality group, there were significant reduction in resting SBP [(180±8.5) mmHg vs. (163.6±10.7) mmHg] and in HR [(368.4±13.3) beats/min vs. (345.0±9.8) beats/min] in SHR exercise group, P0.05), compared with Wistar normality group, there was significant reduction in HR [(362.2 ± 13.0) beats/min vs. (343.9 ± 10.2) beats/min, P <0.05] in Wistar exercise group. Compared with SHR normality group, there were significant rise in BRS [BRS-PE: (0.89 ± 0.13) bpm/mmHg vs. (1.32 ± 0.22) bpm/mmHg, BRS-NP： (0.60± 0.09) bpm/mmHg vs. (1.21± 0.26) bpm/mmHg, P<0.01] in SHR exercise group, but still lower than those of Wistar normality group [BRS-PE: (1.96±0.23) bpm/mmHg, BRS-NP: (1.32±0.17) bpm/mmHg]. Pearson linear correlation analysis indicated that MAP was significantly inversely correlated with BRS (r=-0.734, P<0.01) in SHR normality and exercise group. Conclusion: Exercise training may significantly decrease SHR blood pressure; it is related to improved baroreflex sensitivity induced by exercise, indicating that enhanced baroreflex may be an important mechanism of exercise therapy in hypertensive patients.

The diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging in patients with primary extranodal lymphoma / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging in primary extranodal lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis of 139 clinically suspected primary extranodal lymphoma patients examined by PET-CT and confirmed by biopsies was performed. Considering the pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, PET-CT imaging of all patients was compared with CT and PET to evaluate the efficacy of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detection of primary extranodal lymphoma. The maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) from primary extranodal lymphoma patients was compared, and the data were analyzed by χ² test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the total 139 analyzed cases, 128 patients were confirmed to have primary extranodal lymphoma. The sensitivity, specificity and positive rate of PET-CT were 82.8%, 81.8% and 82.7%, respectively, that of CT were 65.6%, 72.7% and 66.2%, and that of PET were 78.9%, 36.4% and 82.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of PET-CT were better than that of CT (χ²=9.881, 10.006; P=0.003, 0.002). The specificity of PET-CT were better than that of PET (χ²=4.487, P=0.034). In the gastrointestinal lymphoma, the sensitivity of PET-CT were better than that of CT (χ²=5.110, P=0.024). In the head and neck lymphoma, the sensitivity of PET-CT were better than that of CT (χ²=5.278, P=0.022). In the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the sensitivity of PET-CT were better than that of CT (χ²=8.711, P=0.003). The SUV max of mucosa-associated lymphoma was significantly different from that of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (7.4±4.6 vs 15.8±10.6, P=0.032; 7.4±4.6 vs 13.6±7.1, P=0.046), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>18F-FDG PET-CT imaging is important in the diagnosis of primary extranodal lymphoma, but the differential diagnosis with other disease is important, and the result should be combined with multiple biopsies.</p>

Central oxidative stress depresses baroreflex function in spontaneously hypertensive rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of central oxidative stress on the baroreflex function and central mechanism responsible for the attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male 24-week-old SHR and normal rats were anesthetized with urethane and alpha-chloralose. Intravenous injection of phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (NP) evoked arterial baroreflex. The ratio of change in heart rate (HR) to change in mean aortic pressure (MAP) represented the baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Alteration in BRS was evaluated before and after intracerebroventricular administration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic tempol or SOD inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BRS in hypertensive rats was significantly lower than that in normal rats (PE: P < 0.01, NP: P < 0.01). Intracerebroventricular administration of Tempol significantly improved BRS in hypertensive rats (P < 0.05), but not in normal rats. In contrast, DETC decreased BRS to a greater extent in normal group than in hypertension group (P < 0.05). MDA content in hypothalamus of hypertensive rats was higher than that of normal rats (P < 0.01), whereas total antioxidant capacity, total SOD, CuZn-SOD, catalase activity were lower in hypertensive rats than in normal rats (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Attenuated baroreflex function in hypertensive rats is associated with central oxidative stress, which is linked to decreases in antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidative capacity in the brain.</p>