Modified Naegele's rule for determination of the expected date of delivery irrespective of the cycle length

The present study included a total number of 750 pregnant females, 300 cases were studied retrospectively and 450 cases were studied prospectively. Different clinical parameters were assessed in relation to the determination of the duration of pregnancy. The length of the menstrual cycle had been the most significant parameter in relation to the duration of pregnancy. In using Naegele's rule, it is suggested that the menstrual history should be taken in proper consideration, though a correction value to the classic Naegele's rule was advised to overcome the error found in the actual day of deliveries

role of hysteroscopy in the evaluation of the isthmus uteri in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss

This study entailed hysteroscopic examination of the isthmus uteri in 8 patients [group I] with prior history of pregnancy loss, conceived 34 times with a pregnancy loss rate of 79.4% and 52 women as control [group II]. The arbor vitae pattern of the endocervix was absent of partially lost in 83% of group I compared to 17.3% of group II. The shape of the internal os was distinctive in group I where it was found to be rather rounded and patulous compared to the transverse oval in group II. A posterior fibrous-like ridge normally noticed on entry via the internal os was absent in all patients of group I. The unmistakable recoil of the internal os on withdrawal of the sheath of the hysteroscope was sluggish or absent in group I. Hysteroscopy may be a complementary tool in the investigations of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss

HBV seromarkers in pregnant women and their offsprings: transmission rate, epidemiological studies and pregnant outcome

This study is a serologic survey for HBV seromarkers among 102 pregnant women in their third trimester who attended the labour unit at Kasr El Aini Hospital. The infection rate for HBV was 38.2% with a carrier rate of 10.8% among these pregnant women. The transmission rate in the studied women [102] for HBV to their offsprings was 4.9%, while it was 45.5% among the carrier group [11]. In the carrier group of women [11 cases] the transmission rate of HBV was 100% in the presence of HBeAg in maternal sera, 25% in the presence of anti HBe in their sera, and 50% in the absence of either e. and anti e. The outcome of pregnancy in this group were not affected as regards fetal weight, prematurity, growth retardation and apgar score after delivery. Follow up of four infants who were positive for HBsAg six months after delivery revealed that two infants were still positive for HBsAg and the other two died in the neonatal period, one of them had jaundice. There was a positive relation between HBV infection rate, gravidity, history of jaundice and contact with jaundice patients. There was a positive relation between carrier rate and dental care, surgical operations. While there was no relation between the education levels, income and infection or carrier rates

Association of positive toxoplasma antibodies with unfavourable fetal outcome

Antibodies against toxoplasma gondii were determined in 100 females. Venous blood samples were taken within 24 hours after their pregnancy termination. Cases were divided into 5 groups, each comprised 20 patients. The groups were congenital malformations, stillbirth, premature labor, mid- trimester abortion and a control group. Antibodies were detected by different histochemical techniques namely IgG- ELISA, IgM- ELISA and Immunofluorescence [IF] technique. A positive correlation existed between the IgG - ELISA and the IF test. The mean value of IgG antibodies and the mean titer of IE antibodies in the positive cases were found to be significantly higher in each of the congenital malformation group and the stillbirth group compared with that of the control. The percentage of positive cases were found to be higher in each of the 2 groups compared to the control with statistical significance only in the congenital malformations group. Although the mean levels of antibodies in the positive cases were higher in each of the premature and mid- trimester abortion group compared to the control, differences were insignificant statistically possibly due to the small number of positive cases. A single positive test is suggestive of infection but detection of a rising titer or value after 2 weeks is diagnostic