RESUMO
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common and devastating oral cancer. It is the sixth most common tumour worldwide with almost 90,000 cases reported annually. Its incidence is alarmingly increasing in many South Asian countries owing to the increase in areca nut, betel quid and tobacco chewing habits among vast population of this region. To see the clinical and histopathological pattern of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan. This was a descriptive study. 39 patients of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma were studied from two tertiary care hospitals of Punjab namely Mayo Hospital Lahore and Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Detailed clinical histories of the patients were recorded. The histopathologic examination on the specimens removed was performed using haematoxylin and eosin [H and E] stain. Clinical data included age, sex of the patient and intraoral site of cancer. Histopathological data included the grade of Squamous cell carcinoma. The grading was done using Anneroth grading system. The data was analysed on SPSS 18. In our study the patients with squamous cell carcinoma had a mean age of 50.36 +/- 1.98 years with equal prevalence in both genders. It was observed that SCC was most commonly arising from tongue [23.1%] followed by lip mucosa [20.5%] and buccal mucosa [12.8%]. Most of the cases were moderately differentiated [51.3%], whereas the remaining were well and poorly differentiated. A very strong association [p = 0.001] was found between the site and grade of tumour using Fisher's exact test. Almost all the tumours on sublingual mucosa especially those arising from floor of the mouth were poorly differentiated
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To assess the different morphological changes in atherosclerotic lesions in renal arteries in relation to age and sex. Prospective descriptive observational study. Mortuary of King Edward medical University and mayo hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of study was one and a half year. A total of one hundred and thirty human autopsies were carried out during this study. Ninety were males and forty females. The age range was between 8 and 85 years. The autopsies were done left renal arteries were taken out artery for histological examination. Tissue processing was done. On the average 7-8 slides were prepared from each block by taking ribbons of tissues. The paraffin sections were stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin stain, Curtis's picro-ponceau stain, verhoeff's elastic tissue stain, von kossa's staining technique, periodic acid Schiff [PAS] reaction, Toludine blue stain and peral's Prussian blue stain. The fibrolipid plaques were seen in 32 of the 39 cases seen on gross appearance in the right renal artery and 20 of the 24 cases seen on gross appearance in the renal artery. The complicated lesions were present in 15 cases in the right renal artery and 11 cases in the left renal artery. In the right 12 cases showed ulceration, 3 cases showed intimal vascularization and haemorrhage, whereas 2 of these cases also showed thrombus formation. In the left renal artery there were 8 cases showing ulceration, 3 cases showed intimal vascularization and haemorrhage and one of theses also showed thrombus formation. The calcified lesions were seen in 9 case in the right renal artery and 7 cases in the left artery. The morphological changes in the media and elastic were in 11 cases in right renal artery and 7 cases in left renal artery. Incidence of fibro-lipid plaques complicated and calcified lesion are quite high in both renal arteries. The relative high incidence of raised lesions in Right renal arteries may be due to more length, lower position and its position across the inferior vanacava
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Artéria Renal , Autopsia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Depolymerisation of acid-mucopolysaccharides results in the loss of metachormasia of the ground substance followed by visible fibre crumbling, complete dissolution and replacement by lipid droplets and cholesterol. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of different atherosclerotic lesions in celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries relation to age and sex. A prospective descriptive observation study was conducted at Mortuary of King Edward Medical University Lahore, and Department of Pathology Allama Iqbal Medical College Lahore. A total of 30 human autopsies were carried out. Celiac, Superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries were taken out and opened length-wise. One to four areas of tissue were taken from each artery for histological examination. Slides were prepared from each paraffin block. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Special stains were performed on sections to display each component of atherosclerosis. The fibrolipid plaques were seen in 6 cases. The complicated lesions were present in 5 cases. Of these, 4 showed ulceration and 1 showed thrombus formation. The calcified lesions were observed in 5 cases. The morphological changes in media and elastica were present in 4 cases. In superior mesenteric artery fatty streaks were present in 8 cases. The fibrolipid plaques were confirmed in 5 cases. Three cases showed ulceration, 1 case showed intimal vascularisation, haemorrhage, and thrombus formation. The calcified lesions were present in 2 cases. The morphological changes in media and elastica were seen in 4 cases in anterior mesenteric artery. Fatty streaks were present in 8 cases. The fibrolipid plaques were grossly observed in 6 cases. The complicated lesions were present in 4 cases; of these, 3 cases showed ulceration, and 1 showed intimal vascularisation and haemorrhage along with thrombus formation. The calcified lesions were present in 3 cases. The morphological changes in media and elastica were present in 4 cases. This data indicates the incidence of ischemic changes in abdominal viscera due to atherosclerotic narrowing.