Evidence of inadequate docosahexaenoic acid status in Brazilian pregnant and lactating women / Evidência de estado inadequado do ácido docosahexaenóico em gestantes e nutrizes brasileiras / Evidencia de estado inadecuado del ácido docosahexaenóico en gestantes y nutrices brasileras

Recently published data concerning dietary intake of fat and food sources of (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in Brazil are reviewed together with data on biochemical indices of PUFA status during pregnancy and lactation and PUFA composition of breast milk in Brazilian adolescents and adults. Potential inadequacies of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status among Brazilian pregnant and lactating women have not yet been thoroughly evaluated. The data reviewed show that dietary intake of food sources of n-3 LCPUFA is low and possibly deficient in Brazil, and that biochemical indices of maternal DHA status and breast milk DHA content are low compared to the international literature. These data indicate inadequate DHA status among Brazilian women during pregnancy and lactation, but this evidence needs confirmation through comprehensive and specific population-based studies.

São revistas informações publicadas recentemente sobre a ingestão de tipos de gorduras alimentícias e fontes alimentares de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa (AGPI-CL) n-3 no Brasil, juntamente com índices bioquímicos do estado nutricional para AGPI em gestantes e nutrizes e a composição em AGPI no leite de mulheres brasileiras adultas e adolescentes. Possíveis inadequações do estado nutricional do ácido docosahexaenóico (DHA) nas gestantes e nutrizes brasileiras ainda não foram investigadas com abrangência e profundidade suficientes no Brasil. Os dados considerados mostram que a ingestão dietética de fontes alimentares de AGPI-CL n-3 no Brasil é baixa e insuficiente. Além disso, os índices bioquímicos do estado nutricional materno para o DHA e o teor de DHA no leite de mulheres brasileiras adultas e adolescentes são baixos, quando comparados com dados internacionais. Estes dados indicam possível estado inadequado para o DHA em gestantes e nutrizes brasileiras, mas estas evidências merecem confirmação por meio de estudos populacionais abrangentes e específicos.

Son revisadas informaciones publicadas recientemente sobre la ingestión de tipos de grasas alimenticias y fuentes de alimentos de ácidos grasos poli-insaturados de cadena larga (AGPI-CL) n-3 en Brasil, junto con índices bioquímicos del estado nutricional para AGPI en gestantes y nutrices y la composición en AGPI en la leche de mujeres brasileras adultas y adolescentes. Posibles inadecuaciones del estado nutricional del ácido docosahexaenóico (DHA) en las gestantes y nutrices brasileras aún no fueron investigadas con amplitud y profundidad suficientes en Brasil. Los datos considerados muestran que la ingestión dietética de fuentes de alimentos de AGPI-CL n-3 en Brasil y baja e insuficiente. Así mismo, los índices bioquímicos del estado nutricional materno para el DHA y la proporción de DHA en la leche de mujeres brasileras adultas y adolescentes son bajos, cuando se comparan con datos internacionales. Estos datos indican posible estado inadecuado para el DHA en gestantes y nutrices brasileras, pero estas evidencias merecen confirmación por medio de estudios poblacionales amplios y específicos.

Effect of healthy life style practice for reliving lower limp edema during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome

Dependent edema is a common discomfort that occurs as a result of physiological changes during pregnancy. The nurse plays an important role in caring for woman with lower limb edema during pregnancy. Of the study was to explore the effect of healthy life style practice [HISP] for relieving lower limb edema during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome Quasi-experimental study use 150 pregnant women recruited from both the outpatient clinic at Ain Shams Maternity University Hospital and from two MCH centers at abassia zoon by purposeful random sample. Subjects were classified into two groups: study group [100 subjects] followed HISP program and control group [50 subjects] took routine hospital care. Data were collected through interviewing sheet, general examination life style and lower limb edema and follow up sheets. Assessment of edema was done by evaluating the extent and degree of edema also by measurement of lower limb circumference and subjective feeling. In the third visit, there was a significant difference was observed in study group than in control group regarding extent of edema [P<0.005], but no significant difference was detected regarding degree of edema [P>0.05]. Also, there was a significant difference in study group than in control group regarding the subjective feeling about the edema problem [P<0.05]. HISP in management of lower limb edema has an important value in relieving symptoms of lower limb edema during pregnancy and also it has a positive effect on pregnancy outcome. Of this study show that HISP program can relieve or control minor discomfort which annoys and worries the pregnant women also it can decrease adverse pregnancy outcome