Vetores selváticos de doença de Chagas na área urbana de Manaus (AM): atividade de vôo nas estaçoes secas e chuvosas / Wild vectors of Chagas' disease in an urban area of Manaus (AM): flying activity during dry and rainy seasons

Adultos de Rhodnius prolixus, R. pictipes e Panstrongylus geniculatus encontrados em casas em Manaus apresentam altas taxas de infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi. Rhodnius spp não apresentavam sazonalidade acentuada, porém os encontros de machos de P. geniculatus eram muito mais freqüentes na estação seca.

Adults of Rhodnius prolixus, R. pictipes and Panstrongylus geniculatus found in houses in Manaus have high rates of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Rhodnius spp. were found throughout the year, but males of P. geniculatus were significantly more frequent in the dry season.

Eimeria peltocephali n. sp., (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the freshwater turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia: Pelomusidae) and Eimeria molossi n. sp., from the bat, Molossus ater (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

The oocyst is described of Eimeria peltocephali n. sp. from faeces of the freshwater turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus from Barcelos, State of Amazonas, Brazil. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts are elongate, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, frequently curved to a banana-shape, 54.4 x 19.1 (37.5 -68.7 x 18.7 - 20.0µm), shape-index 2.8 (1.8 - 3.9). The oocyst wall is single thin, colourless layer about 1µm thick, with no micropyle. There is a bulky oocyst residuum, at first spherical to ellipsoidal, 19 x 16 (16.2 -26.2 x 16 - 21.5µm), but becoming dispersed on maturation. There are no polar bodies. The sporocysts, 19.1 x 6.8 (17.5 -21.2 x 6.2 -7.5 µm), shape-index 2.8 (2.3 -3.2), are usually disposed in pairs at each end of the oocyst, and bear an inconspicuous Stieda body in the form of a flat cap. The sporozoites are elongate and slightly curved around the residuum. No refractile bodies were seen. Eimeria molossi n. sp. is described from the molossid bat Molossus ater. Sporulation is exogenous and the mature oocysts are predominantly broadly ellipsoidal, 23.4 x 17.5 (18-30 x 15-22.5 µm), shape-index 1.3 (1-1.6). The oocyst wall is about 2 µm thick, and of three layers: an inner thin, colourless one and two outer layers which are thicker, yellowish-brown, prominently striated and in close apposition. There is no micropyle or oocyst residuum, but one and occasionally two polar bodies are usually present. Sporocysts sre ellipsoidal, 10.2 x 7.5 (10-12.5 x 7.5 µm), shape-index 1.4 (1.3-1.7) with an inconspicuous Stieda body. Endogenous stages are described in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.

Epidemiological and nosological aspects of Leishmania naiffi Lainson & Shaw, 1989

Leismania naiffi was isolated from 10 out of 64 armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) examined in Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia States in the Brazilian Amazon Region. The isolates were obtained in culture from samples of liver (3), spleen (3), lymph nodes (2), skin (1) and blood (1) from the infected animals. Heavy infections with the same parasite were detected for the first time in Psychodopygus squamiventris, a common man-biting phlebotomine, in amazonas and Pará. A new case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. naiffi is described from the Manaus area, making a total of three known cases of human infection by this parasite

Trypanosomes of the subgenus Megatrypanum from armadillos (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae)

A new species of trypanosome, Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) peba, is described from the peripheral blood of the armadillo Euphractus sexcinctus setosus from Bahia State, Brazil. Ten out of 29 specimens of the armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus from Pará State were found to have trypanosomes, including epimastigote forms, in impression smears of subcutaneous lymph nodes. The trypanosomes from D. novemcinctus are illustrated and were identified a idenrified as belonging to the subgenus Megatrypanum on the basis of their general appearance, although they failed to multiply is blood-agar culture medium and no bloodstream forms were seen. This is the first published record of trypanosomes of this subgenus from armdillos and the first demonstration of epimastigote trypanosomes in the mammalian host other than in the bloodstream, or in the anal glands of opssums

Besnoitia (protozoa: toxoplasmatinae) isolado de mucuras Didelphis marsupialis na Regiao Amazonica, Brasil. / Besnoitia (protozoa:toxoplasmatinae) isolated from Mucuras Didelphis marsupialis in the Amazonian Region Brazil

Cistos de Besnoitia foram encontrados nos musculos e visceras de quinze exemplares de Didelphis marsupialis de um total de duzentos e vinte e quatro examinados. E a primeira vez que este protozoario e isolado de animais infectados naturalmente no Brasil.A transmissao experimental foi feita para animais de laboratorio pela inoculacao de triturados de tecidos e cistos

The principal reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the urban areas of Manaus, Central Amazon of Brazil.

Vinte e uma mucuras (Didelphis marsupialis), procedentes de uma floresta primaria explorada, e sete de uma vegetacao secundaria em uma ilha isolada, nas cercanias de Manaus, foram examinadas para detectar a presenca de Leishmania. Das mucuras da floresta primaria, 13 (61.9%) foram detectadas positivas para Leishmania braziliensis guyanensis. Somente uma mucura foi dada como positiva para Le.mexicana amozonensis. Apresentamos aqui uma tecnica simples e economica para captura de mucuras e e sugerido um metodo de controle, em casos especiais