The relationship between maternal mental health and communication skills in children in Shiraz, Iran / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES@#Child development is a significant issue in global public health, and maternal mental health (MMH) can have a remarkable effect on children's development of communication skills. We aimed to investigate the association between MMH and communication skills in a sample of Iranian children.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran during 2016. In total, 640 mothers who lived in Shiraz and were registered in the Fars Birth Cohort (FBC) study were invited to attend the FBC clinic with their children. A trained physician evaluated MMH using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Additionally, a trained nurse assessed the children's communication development status using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire for 60-month old children.@*RESULTS@#The majority of the mothers were homemakers (82.8%) and had high school diplomas (38.9%). The mothers' mean age was 33.7±4.6 years. Seventy-nine (12.3%) children had delayed communication skills, but no significant association was found between children's communication skills and the mothers' total GHQ score (p=0.43). In total, 493 mothers (77.0%) had abnormal somatic symptoms, 497 (77.7%) had abnormal anxiety/insomnia, 337 (52.7%) had social dysfunction, and 232 (36.3%) suffered from depression. Logistic regression indicated that after adjusting for confounders, the odds of delayed communication skills were 3-fold higher among the children of mothers with abnormal somatic symptoms than among other children (p=0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The study results confirmed that MMH had a significant impact on children's communication skills. Moreover, maternal abnormal somatic symptoms exerted the strongest impact on the development of communication skills in 5-year-old children.

The relationship between maternal mental health and communication skills in children in Shiraz, Iran / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Child development is a significant issue in global public health, and maternal mental health (MMH) can have a remarkable effect on children's development of communication skills. We aimed to investigate the association between MMH and communication skills in a sample of Iranian children.METHODS: This study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran during 2016. In total, 640 mothers who lived in Shiraz and were registered in the Fars Birth Cohort (FBC) study were invited to attend the FBC clinic with their children. A trained physician evaluated MMH using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Additionally, a trained nurse assessed the children's communication development status using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire for 60-month old children.RESULTS: The majority of the mothers were homemakers (82.8%) and had high school diplomas (38.9%). The mothers' mean age was 33.7±4.6 years. Seventy-nine (12.3%) children had delayed communication skills, but no significant association was found between children's communication skills and the mothers' total GHQ score (p=0.43). In total, 493 mothers (77.0%) had abnormal somatic symptoms, 497 (77.7%) had abnormal anxiety/insomnia, 337 (52.7%) had social dysfunction, and 232 (36.3%) suffered from depression. Logistic regression indicated that after adjusting for confounders, the odds of delayed communication skills were 3-fold higher among the children of mothers with abnormal somatic symptoms than among other children (p=0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The study results confirmed that MMH had a significant impact on children's communication skills. Moreover, maternal abnormal somatic symptoms exerted the strongest impact on the development of communication skills in 5-year-old children.

The relationship between maternal mental health and communication skills in children in Shiraz, Iran / 한국역학회지

OBJECTIVES: Child development is a significant issue in global public health, and maternal mental health (MMH) can have a remarkable effect on children’s development of communication skills. We aimed to investigate the association between MMH and communication skills in a sample of Iranian children. METHODS: This study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran during 2016. In total, 640 mothers who lived in Shiraz and were registered in the Fars Birth Cohort (FBC) study were invited to attend the FBC clinic with their children. A trained physician evaluated MMH using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Additionally, a trained nurse assessed the children’s communication development status using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire for 60-month old children. RESULTS: The majority of the mothers were homemakers (82.8%) and had high school diplomas (38.9%). The mothers’ mean age was 33.7±4.6 years. Seventy-nine (12.3%) children had delayed communication skills, but no significant association was found between children’s communication skills and the mothers’ total GHQ score (p=0.43). In total, 493 mothers (77.0%) had abnormal somatic symptoms, 497 (77.7%) had abnormal anxiety/insomnia, 337 (52.7%) had social dysfunction, and 232 (36.3%) suffered from depression. Logistic regression indicated that after adjusting for confounders, the odds of delayed communication skills were 3-fold higher among the children of mothers with abnormal somatic symptoms than among other children (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study results confirmed that MMH had a significant impact on children’s communication skills. Moreover, maternal abnormal somatic symptoms exerted the strongest impact on the development of communication skills in 5-year-old children.

comprehensive look at irritable bowel syndrome and its associated factors considering the rome IV criteria: a penalized smoothly clipped absolute deviation regression approach in the pars cohort study

Background:After the introduction of the Rome IV criteria for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], studies on the clinical significance of the new criteria in the settings of a large study has been scarce

Objective: Herein we used the infrastructures provided by one the largest cohort studies in Iran to evaluate the epidemiological features related to IBS

Methods:A total of 9264 participants, were enrolled in the initial registry. Diagnosis of IBS was done using the Rome IV criteria. Individuals with IBS were compared with a control group. Since the study included a large sample size of patients, we used the penalized smoothly clipped absolute deviation [SCAD] regression analysis to construct a model for the evaluation of factors associated with IBS

Results:Overall, data of 9163 participants entered the final analysis. In total, 1067 [11.6%] individuals were diagnosed with IBS, among which 57 [5.3%] were diarrhea dominant [IBS-D], 380 [35.6%] were constipation dominant [IBS-C], and 630 [59%] did not mention having any of the two [IBS-U]. In the regression model, back pain/arthralgia [OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.65 - 2.40], insomnia [OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.40 - 1.93], depression [OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.95], female sex [OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.27 - 1.96], anxiety [OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21 - 1.69], and being married [OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.48], were associated with higher rates of IBS. We found that IBS prevalence displays a peak at the age of 41 years for both men and women

Conclusion:The present study provides a background for follow-up studies to be conducted in order to evaluate causality between IBS and some major diseases such as liver disease. We also found that opium use, although not statistically significant, in addition to sex, education, back/joint pain, depression, insomnia, anxiety, and marital status might be a contributing factor in IBS

Socioeconomic status and satisfaction with public healthcare system in Iran

Background: The users' satisfaction is a method for evaluating the efficacy of healthcare system. We aimed to evaluate the association between the users' socioeconomic status [SES] and satisfaction with the healthcare system in Shiraz, Iran

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2013 to March, 2014, in Shiraz, Iran. 3400 households were recruited by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Information about demographic, insurance status, and users' satisfaction was derived from face-to-face interviews. Satisfaction with healthcare system was assessed by using 5-point Likert scale statements, which ranged from "very dissatisfied" to "very satisfied". All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-21

Results: Overall, 1.6% [55] of the respondents were very satisfied, while 6% [203] were very dissatisfied with healthcare system. Participants were classified into high SES [26.3%], middle SES [47.9%] and low SES [25.8%]. It was discovered that the better the SES, the more frequent were the respondents dissatisfied with healthcare system [P<0.001]. Also, dissatisfied respondents were significantly older [P=0.036]. Moreover, women were more dissatisfied with healthcare system [P=0.005]. Also, dissatisfied respondents had significantly a higher level of education than satisfied ones [P<0.001]. Furthermore, logistic regression revealed that age [P=0.04], marital status [P=0.01], insurance status [P<0.001], SES [P<0.001], and having supplemental insurance [P=0.02] were determinant factors of satisfaction with healthcare system

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that users' sex, age, educational level, and SES were related to dissatisfaction with healthcare system. Meanwhile, clients' age, SES, insurance status and marital status were recognized as determinant factors

Report on first Iranian international conference on women's health held June 14-15, 2012 in Shiraz, Iran

Women's health is increasing identified as a global health priority. Women's health is affected by many factors, such as the economy, environment, society, culture, religion, and biology. For this reason, the Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz, Iran decided to hold The First Iranian International Conference on Women's Health. The aim of this conference was to provide up-to-date information on different aspects of women's health, including healthy aging, non-communicable and communicable diseases, psycho-social aspects, health promotion, reproductive health, and nutrition. Finally, the attending specialists and experts provided recommendations to be put into practice which reinforced the recommendations for additional clinical preventive services for women, mobilizing health professionals within practice, education, and research to address the national health goals, encouraging the adoption of ongoing evidence-based prevention guidelines, gender-sensitive, and culturally appropriate, persuading all stakeholders to harmonize their endeavors on women's health, changing the viewpoint to the women as a workforce alliance as with like men, along with considering the major role of women as the basis of the family, and improving the coverage, accessibility, and quality of women-oriented health services

Pregnancy rate after endometrial injury in couples with unexplained infertility: a randomized clinical trial

Unexplained infertility is still a challenging issue as to its causes, appropriate management and treatment. Evidence implicates early embryopathy or implantation failure as likely causes. This study aims to investigate the effect of local endometrial injury on pregnancy rate in selected unexplained infertile patients. This was a randomized clinical trial conducted in Shiraz University Infertility Clinic of Ghadir Hospital. A total of 217 women with unexplained infertility aged 23-35 years old were randomly divided into two study groups through block randomization. After superovulation by clomiphene-citrate and gonadotropins and when the dominant follicles reached 18-20 mm, patients were randomly assigned to undergo endometrial local injury at posterior uterine wall by piplle endometrial sampling [n=114] or mock pipette biopsy [n=103] during pre-ovulatory days [when spontaneous urinary LH surge was detected]. Then all the patients were instructed to follow a regularly timed intercourse. The pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the endometrial injury group compared to the control group [17/114 [14.9%] vs. 6/103 [5.8%] [OR: 2.83 95% CI: 1.07-7.49, p=0.03]. The abortion rate was comparable between two groups [17.64% vs. 14.28%; p=0.701]. Local mechanical injury of the endometrium can enhance the uterine receptivity and facilitates the embryo implantation. This simple, easy, and cost effective procedure is worth considering in selective unexplained infertility patients who implantation failure is the likely causes of infertility before complex treatments. This procedure may help reduce psychological tensions and high expenses imposed through such interventions

Common Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-based Case-control Study / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metabolic syndrome is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has features of metabolic syndromes. This study aimed to investigate the association between NAFLD and atherosclerosis. METHODS: In a population-based study in southern Iran, asymptomatic adult inhabitants aged more than 20 years were selected through cluster random sampling, and were screened for the presence of fatty liver and common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), with abdominal and cervical ultrasonography, respectively. Those with fatty liver were compared to the same number of individuals without fatty liver. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety individuals were found to have fatty change on abdominal ultrasonography, and were labeled NAFLD. Compared to normal individuals, NAFLD patients had significantly higher prevalence of increased CIMT (OR, 1.66; p<0.001). Those with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), higher waist circumference (WC) and older ages had significantly higher prevalence of thick CIMT. Through adjusting the effects of different variables, we indicated that NAFLD could be an independent risk factor for thick common carotid intima-media (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.17-3.09; p=0.009). It was also shown that age could be another independent risk factor for thick CIMT. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with risk factors such as HTN, DM, and high WC are prone to develop atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. The presence of NAFLD should be considered as another probable independent factor contributing to the development of carotid atherosclerosis.

Fatal motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran: a community-based survey / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the main characteristics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest population of all 31 provinces in Iran from March 2009 to June 2010. We included data from all 542 recorded cases of fatalities due to motor vehicle accidents. Data were recorded from the forensic medicine registry consisting of demographic and accident-related information. Demographic information consisted of name, age, sex, status of fatal victim (motorcycle driver vs passenger) and educational level.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 2 345 autopsy records from the forensic medicine archives, 542 (23.1%) gave the cause of death as motor vehicle accidents. Mean age of these victims was (31.4+/-6.5) years, and the male to female ratio was 28. Head injury was the most common cause of death in these victims, and overall they tended to have a low level of education. Motorcycle accidents frequently involved younger age groups (15-35 years), and head trauma related with non-use of a helmet was the most common cause of death.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Head injury is frequent among victims in the province we studied. This situation may be related to the victims' low socioeconomic status and little education regarding traffic laws leading to speeding and disregard of these laws along with their weak enforcement.</p>

Epidemiological characteristics of fatal pedestrian accidents in Fars Province of Iran: a community-based survey / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the epidemiological characteristics of fatal pedestrian accidents in Fars Province of Iran.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province of Iran during a 29-month period from March 2009 to July 2011. The data were from the Fars Forensic Medicine Registry. In 4 923 recorded road traffic accident fatalities, 971 deaths were due to pedestrian accidents. The demographic and accident-related information were analyzed by SPSS version 11.5. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of decedents was (47.2+/-26.2) years, ranging from 6 months to 103 years old. Males accounted for 69.8% of all deaths. Fatal accidents were most common in September; 56.1% of the fatal injuries occurred on intracity roads and 33.1% on extracity roads. Fatal head injuries were present in 60.54% of cases. Evaluation of the injury site and the cause of death found that they were significantly associated with age, interval between injury and death. Besides, the type of roads played an important role in mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although the clinical management of trauma patients has been improved in our country in the recent decade, decreasing the burden of injuries needs coordination among trauma system organizations.</p>

Maternal mortality rate in Fars province: trends and associated factors in a community-based survey

The high rate of maternal mortality [MM] remains a challenge, especially in developing countries. In 2000, the World Health Organization [WHO] targeted a 75% reduction by the end of 2015. In this survey, we determine trends in MM rates and associated factors in Pars Province, southwestern Iran. All MM in Pars Province from March 2003 to March 2010 were considered in this cross-sectional study. Data were recorded for demographic characteristics, autopsy findings, medical and obstetric histories. The data were then analyzed with a z-test to identify differ- ences in the rate of MM during the study period. The mean MM rate was 22.18 per 100 000 live births [95% Cl, 17.55-26.8] during the seven year study period, and was highest [32.3/100 000] in the first year. Most deaths [71.3%] occurred in the postpartum period, and the lowest proportion occurred during delivery [5%]. High-risk mothers accounted for 79.2% of maternal deaths. Among the mothers who died, 62% received satisfactory prenatal care, and at least two years elapsed between successive pregnancies in 78%. Hemorrhage was the main cause of death [35.6%] and the least frequent cause was H1N1 virus infection [2%].This study provides evidence of serious deficiencies in postpartum care that need urgent action. Priority should be given to vaginal bleeding and high-risk status mothers