Material compatibility of human albumin / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the compatibility of human albumin and its internal packaging materials of Sinopharm Lanzhou Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 【Methods】 One batch of inner packaging materials (medium borosilicate glass-molded injection bottle and halogenated butyl rubber plug for injection) was extracted with 4 extraction solvents to conduct the toxicological evaluation of potential inner packaging extracts. Through the simulated acceleration test, the trend analysis of the elements in the sample and the inner surface of the glass bottle were observed, and the routine drug inspection items during the long-term stability test process were determined. 【Results】 The detection results of the leaching elements of the internal packaging materials did not exceed the limit of 50%, and the organic matter safety threshold (margin of safety, MOS) was greater than 1.0, indicating that both the leaching elements and the organic matter had no safety risk to the user under the current exposure. The results of the simulated acceleration test show that the drug will not have the risk of peeling tablets after the long-term stability condition was placed for a period of time, and the routine inspection items of the long-term stability test drugs all meet the requirements of the pharmacopoeia. 【Conclusion】 The inner packaging material has no significant impact on the quality of drugs and has good overall compatibility, making it suitable for packaging human albumin.

A retrospective analysis based on the investigation and handling results of 310 medical research integrity cases / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:to understand the current situation of academic research misconduct by analyzing the investigation results of a number of medical scientific research integrity cases, to strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity in medical institutions.Methods:Select the investigation and handling results of 310 medical scientific research integrity cases disclosed by the National Health Commission in 2021, and analyze the basic information of the case papers, the types and characteristics of misconduct behaviors involved, and the handling results of each institution.Results:This batch of problematic papers was widely distributed, including particular hospitals from a certain region or city level hospitals. Identified misconduct included fabrication of the research process, falsification of research data, purchasing, ghost-writing, third-party submission, and inappropriate authorship. Responsible persons were severely punished.Conclusions:Long-term mechanism for the prevention of academic misconduct should be established with collaboration among administrative department, medical institutions and research personnel, to deal with academic misconduct more systematically.

Application of circulating free DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma / 临床肝胆病杂志

Hepatocellular carcinoma has a low early diagnostic rate, and there is a lack of highly sensitive and specific tumor markers. In recent years, fluid biopsy technique, represented by circulating free DNA (cfDNA), has become an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of cancer and has attracted more and more attention due to its advantages of noninvasiveness, convenience, and repeatability. With reference to the recent studies in China and foreign countries, this article summarizes and analyzes the advances in cfDNA in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma from the aspects of biological characteristics, detection techniques, and clinical application, so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The preoperative serum cystatin-C as an independent prognostic factor for survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Cystatin-C (Cys-C) has been reported as a valuable prognostic biomarker in various malignancies. However, its effect on upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients has not been investigated before. Thus, to explore the impact of Cys-C on survival outcomes in patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), a total of 538 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU between 2005 and 2014 in our center (West China Hospital, Chengdu, China) were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between Cys-C and survival outcomes using SPSS version 22.0. The cutoff value of Cys-C was set as 1.4 mg l-1 using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Youden index. The mean age of patients included was 66.1 ± 11.1 years, and the median follow-up duration was 38 (interquartile range: 19-56) months. Overall, 162 (30.1%) patients had elevated Cys-C, and they were much older and had worse renal function than those with Cys-C <1.4 mg l-1 (both P < 0.001). Meanwhile, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the group with elevated Cys-C had worse cancer-specific survival (CSS, P = 0.001), disease recurrence-free survival (RFS, P = 0.003), and overall survival (OS, P < 0.001). Multivariable Cox analysis suggested that the elevated Cys-C was identified as an independent prognostic predictor of CSS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.997, 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.331-2.996), RFS (HR: 1.429, 95% CI: 1.009-2.023), and OS (HR: 1.989, 95% CI: 1.366-2.896). In conclusion, our result revealed that the elevated preoperative serum Cys-C was significantly associated with worse outcomes in UTUC patients undergoing RNU.

Correlation between stress resistance, social support and daily activities and depression in hemodialysis patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To study the relationship between stress resistance, social support and daily activities and depression in hemodialysis patients, and the relief of discomfort.@*Methords@#In this descriptive correlation study, 196 elderly patients with hemodialysis were enrolled in the Department of Hemodialysis, Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan Province. The population variables of each patient were recorded, and the discomfort symptom scores were used. The Activities of Daily Living Index (ADL) and the Instrumental Assisted Activity Index (IADL), the Stress Resistance Scale, the Social Support Behavior Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) were evaluated for each hospitalized patient. The population variables were stratified, and there was a statistical difference in the comparison of the depression scale scores within the group. The one-dimensional linear correlation model evaluates the two-dimensional linear correlation of the above variables. Variables with statistically significant correlations with depression scores were added to the stratified regression analysis.@*Results@#Males, who lived with their families, had strong independence, and those with high post-retirement income had lower depression scores (t=2.17, 2.28, F=3.29, 4.25, P<0.05). The linear correlation model showed that the physical discomfort score was positively correlated with dialysis time (r=0.186, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with ADL, stress resistance, social support, and depression score (r=-0.421--0.164, P < 0.05). The ADL index was positively correlated with IADL index, stress resistance, and social support (r=0.654, 0.549, 0.186, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with physical discomfort and depression score (r=-0.164, -0.491, P<0.05). The IADL index was positively correlated with ADL, stress resistance, and social support (r=0.654, 0.577, 0.176, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with depression score (r=-0.742, P<0.05). Stress resistance was positively correlated with ADL, IADL, and social support (r=0.549, 0.557, 0.416, P<0.01or 0.05), and negatively correlated with physical discomfort and depression score (r=-0.261, 0.742, P<0.05). Social support was positively correlated with ADL, IADL, and stress resistance (r=0.186, 0.176, 0.416, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with depression score and physical discomfort score (r=-0.507, -0.178, P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that stress resistance can alleviate the effects of physical discomfort (b=-0.432, P<0.05) on depression, and social support did not play this mitigation.@*Conclusion@#The severity of physical discomfort and activities of daily living is a determinant of depression, and high stress resistance can alleviate depression in elderly hemodialysis patients.

A new clinical classification of hepatolithiasis based on biliary anatomy and pathology / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate a new clinical classification of hepatolithiasis based on biliary anatomy and pathology in order to guide clinical decision-making.Methods The cases of hepatolithiasis admitted to our hospital from Mar 2015 to Aug 2018 were classified into six types and an additional type according to biliary anatomy,stone site and extent,liver pathological changes,and Oddi sphincter function.Results Of the214 cases of hepatolithiasis,5 cases (2.3％) were type Ⅰ;41 cases (19.2％) were type Ⅱ;76 cases (35.5％) were type Ⅲ;17 cases (7.9％) were type Ⅳ;29 cases (13.5％) were type Ⅴ;46 cases (21.5％) of type Ⅵ.The most common complication was incision infection (28 cases,13.1％),liver failure 0,and perioperative death 0.During the follow-up from 3 months to 3 years,there were 14cases of stone recurrence,the recurrence rate was 7.6％.Conclusion This classification scheme and the "individualized precise anatomical combined hepatectomy or segmental hepatectomy" based on this classification is safe and effective while enhancing the cure rate.

Roles of hyaluronan in cardiovascular and nervous system disorders / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Hyaluronan is a widely occurring extracellular matrix molecule, which is not only a supporting structural component, but also an active regulator of cellular functions. The chemophysical and biological properties of hyaluronan are greatly affected by its molecular size and several hyaluronan-binding proteins, making hyaluronan a fascinating molecule with great functional diversity. This review summarizes our current understanding of the roles of hyaluronan in cardiovascular and nervous system disorders, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke, with the aim to provide a foundation for future research and clinical trials.

Effect of health care shared decision-making mode on functional exercise in patients with breast cancer after operation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of health care shared decision-making mode on functional exercise in patients with breast cancer after operation. Methods Convenient sampling was used to select 41 breast cancer patients who were admitted to surgery in a grade three hospital in February 2017-2018 in February. There were 23 cases in the intervention group and 18 in the control group. The intervention group was given health care shared decision-making mode on the basis of routine nursing, while the control group was given routine nursing. The changes of limb dysfunction, functional exercise compliance and quality of life were observed and compared between the two groups one month, three months and six months after operation. Results There was no significant difference in the outcome indicators between the two groups one month after operation (P>0.05). The scores of limb dysfunction in the intervention group at three months and six months after operation were (16.25±8.84) (13.70±12.97) points, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (30.71±22.91), (21.49±14.25) points (t=-2.682,-2.447, P<0.05). The scores of functional exercise compliance in the intervention group at three months and six months after operation were (57.10±5.55) (62.36±4.81) points respectively, higher than those in the control group (52.99±14.18), (54.99±6.90) points (t=1.228, 3.034, P<0.05). The scores of QOL in the intervention group at three months and six months after operation(98.16±14.17), (116.22± 10.14) points were significantly higher than those in the control group (86.35±20.95), (91.41±24.04) points (t=2.021,3.866, P<0.05). Conclusion Shared decision-making mode changes the patient's medical experience, reduces the information asymmetry in the treatment process, and strengthens the patient's autonomy, thus alleviated the limb dysfunction of the breast cancer patients, improved the patient's functional exercise compliance and the quality of life, and made the patients get the best care.

Correlation between stress resistance, social support and daily activities and depression in hemodialysis patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the relationship between stress resistance, social support and daily activities and depression in hemodialysis patients, and the relief of discomfort. Methords In this descriptive correlation study, 196 elderly patients with hemodialysis were enrolled in the Department of Hemodialysis, Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan Province. The population variables of each patient were recorded, and the discomfort symptom scores were used. The Activities of Daily Living Index (ADL) and the Instrumental Assisted Activity Index (IADL), the Stress Resistance Scale, the Social Support Behavior Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) were evaluated for each hospitalized patient. The population variables were stratified, and there was a statistical difference in the comparison of the depression scale scores within the group. The one-dimensional linear correlation model evaluates the two-dimensional linear correlation of the above variables. Variables with statistically significant correlations with depression scores were added to the stratified regression analysis. Results Males, who lived with their families, had strong independence, and those with high post-retirement income had lower depression scores (t=2.17, 2.28, F=3.29, 4.25, P<0.05). The linear correlation model showed that the physical discomfort score was positively correlated with dialysis time (r=0.186, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with ADL, stress resistance, social support, and depression score (r=-0.421--0.164, P<0.05). The ADL index was positively correlated with IADL index, stress resistance, and social support (r=0.654, 0.549, 0.186, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with physical discomfort and depression score (r=-0.164,-0.491, P<0.05). The IADL index was positively correlated with ADL, stress resistance, and social support (r=0.654, 0.577, 0.176, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with depression score (r=-0.742, P<0.05). Stress resistance was positively correlated with ADL, IADL, and social support (r=0.549, 0.557, 0.416, P<0.01or 0.05), and negatively correlated with physical discomfort and depression score (r=-0.261, 0.742, P<0.05). Social support was positively correlated with ADL, IADL, and stress resistance (r=0.186, 0.176, 0.416, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with depression score and physical discomfort score (r=-0.507,-0.178, P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that stress resistance can alleviate the effects of physical discomfort (b=-0.432, P<0.05) on depression, and social support did not play this mitigation. Conclusion The severity of physical discomfort and activities of daily living is a determinant of depression, and high stress resistance can alleviate depression in elderly hemodialysis patients.

Cardiac magnetic resonance for assessment of cardiac structure and function after renal transplantation in patients with end-stage renal disease / 医学研究生学报

Objective Few clinical studies have been reported on the reversibility of uremic cardiomyopathy (UC) after renal transplantation. This article aimed to investigate the cardiac structure and function of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing renal transplantation using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods This study included 38 ESRD patients undergoing renal transplantation in the National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, from September 2015 to February 2017. All the patients received initial CMR examination at 1－2 days before renal transplantation and during the postoperative follow-up. At the median follow-up time of 3.5 (3.4-3.7), 7.0 (3.7-9.5) and 8.4 (7.1-12.7) months, we recorded the CMR parameters, including the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV), end-diastolic mass (LVEDM), end-systolic mass (LVESM), ejection fraction (LVEF), and native myocardial T1 relaxation time, and compared the parameters obtained before and after surgery. Results Twenty-five of the patients completed the postoperative follow-up, who averaged 27.5 years of age, with no history of diabetes mellitus or ischemic heart disease, and treated by dialysis for 1.7 (1.5-2.2) years. At 7.0 months after renal transplantation, as compared with the baseline, the patients showed significant decreases in the LVEDV ([96.7 ± 22.8] vs [83.4 ± 17.4] mL/m², P < 0.05), LVESV ([44.3 ± 14.8] vs [33.0 ± 10.9] mL/m², P < 0.05) and LVEDM ([67.1 ± 24.2] vs [59.0 ± 17.0] mL/m², P < 0.05), but an increase in the LVEF ([54.1 ± 10.6] % vs [60.9 ± 9.6] %, P < 0.01). The LVEDV and LVESV were also remarkably lower at 3.5 and 8.4 months than the baseline (P < 0.001), and so were the left ventricular at basal, mid, apical and global native T1 relaxation times at 3.5, 7.0 and 8.4 months (P < 0.05). Conclusion For young ESRD patients with no history of diabetes mellitus or ischemic heart disease and on short-term dialysis, left ventricular dilatation, systolic dysfunction and diffuse myocardial fibrosis are reversible after renal transplantation. Native T1 relaxation time can be used as a sensitive indicator to evaluate the degree of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in ESRD patients.

The application value of time-zero renal biopsy in living donor kidney transplantation / 医学研究生学报

Objective Few studies have paid attention to time-zero renal biopsy in living kidney transplantation so far. This article aimed to investigate the risk factors of latent pathologic changes in living donors by time-zero renal biopsy (TO-RBx) and the predictive value in the allograft function of recipients early after living kidney transplantation.Methods We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 89 renal transplant recipients and living donors who received TO-RBx at Nanjing General Hospital from January 2008 to December 2016. According to the 2007 Banff criteria, the common pathologic changes in living donors such as latent glomeruloscerosis (GS), tubular atrophy (CT), interstitial fibrosis (CI), arteriolar hyaline thickening (AH) and vascular fibrous intimal thickening (CV) were scored. To analyze the influencing factors for different pathological changes and evaluate its predictive value in the allograft function of recipients in 1, 3, 6 months after living renal transplantation.Results Of all the TO-RBx specimens, 23 cases (25.84%) with GS (21 were mild change, 1 was moderate change and 1 was severe change), 33 cases (37.08%) with CT/CI changes (30 were mild change and 3 were moderate change) and 37 cases (41.57%) with AH/CV changes (36 were mild change and 1 was moderate change). GS was related to the donor age (P=0.042); CT/CI changes were related to donor age, gender and systolic pressure (P=0.019；0.006；0.01); arterial changes were related to donor gender and blood triglyceride level (P=0.029；0.049). Within 3 and 6 months after living donor renal transplantation, the eGFR of renal transplant recipients with GS lesions \[(65.96±17.17), (69.52±19.1)mL/min·1.73m2\] were significantly lower than the groups without lesions \[(76.91±18.98), (79.52±18.91)mL/min·1.73m2\] (P＜0.05).Conclusion Time-zero renal biopsy has significance in terms of predicting the allograft function in 6 months after transplantation. It can guide the formulation and adjustment of postoperative immunosuppressive regimens for recipients. Besides, it can also detect the latent pathologic changes in living donors and is one of the important evidence for establishing a personalized follow-up plan for donors after surgery. This method is practical in clinical.

Routine semen parameters and sperm morphological index of infertile males with partial globozoospermia / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the routine semen parameters and sperm morphological indexes of the patients with partial globozoospermia (PGZ).@*METHODS@#We included in this study 100 infertile males with PGZ and another 180 non-PGZ infertile men as controls. According to the proportion of round-headed sperm (RHS) in the semen, we classified the PGZ males into five subgroups: 25%－40%, 41%－55%, 56%－70%, 71%－85%, and 86%－99% RHS. We obtained sperm concentration, total sperm motility, the percentage of progressively motile sperm, teratozoospermia index (TZI), and sperm deformity index (SDI) from the subjects and compared them among different groups.@*RESULTS@#Statistically significant differences were found between the PGZ patients and non-PGZ controls in total sperm motility (［35.76±24.88］% vs ［62.03±10.20］%, P0.05), sperm concentration (［46.01±40.38］ vs ［54.00±25.15］ ×106/ml, P>0.05), or TZI (1.35±0.11 vs 1.34±0.54, P>0.05). There were also significant differences among the five PGZ subgroups in total sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, normal sperm morphology, TZI, and SDI (P0.05). Morphologically, the sperm head changed from heterogeneous to homogeneous with the increased proportion of round-headed sperm.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Different proportions of round-headed sperm are closely related to routine semen parameters and sperm morphological index in PGZ patients, which can help clinicians choose the proper assisted reproductive technology and predict the rate of fertilization for infertile males.

Recurrent IgA nephropathy after renal transplantation:not always a benign prognosis / 器官移植

Objective To discuss the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of the recurrence of IgA nephropathy (IgAN)after renal transplantation.Methods A total of 1 48 patients,pathologically diagnosed with IgAN which progressed into end-stage renal failure,undergoing renal transplantation in National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Diseases,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command from January 1 996 to April 2009,were included in this study.According to whether IgAN recurred,all patients were assigned into recurrence (n =46)and non-recurrence groups (n =1 02).Urinary red blood cell (U-RBC)count,24 h urinary protein level,renal function including serum creatinine (Scr)and glomerular filtration rate (GFR)at 0,1 ,2,3 and 5 years after renal transplantation were statistically compared between two groups.The incidence of histopathological renal injury and survival rate of transplant kidneys was compared between two groups.Results In recurrence group,U-RBC count and 24 h urinary protein level were gradually elevated and renal function steadily declined.Compared with non-recurrence group,U-RBC count at 2-,3-and 5-year after renal transplantation significantly increased,and renal function was significantly aggravated at postoperative 5 years (all in P<0.01 -0.001 )in recurrence group.Renal pathological findings revealed that compared with non-recurrence group,the incidence of cellular crescent formation,glomerulus adhesion,mesangial cell proliferation,increased mesentery matrix, glomerulosclerosis,segmental glomerulosclerosis,glomerular dysfunction and tubulointerstitial fibrosis was significantly higher in recurrence group (all in P <0.001 ).After renal transplantation,chronic kidney injury index in recurrence group was 7.7 ±2.3,which was significantly higher than 4.6 ±1 .4 in non-recurrence group (P <0.01 ).Compared with non-recurrence group,the incidence of chronic rejection,glomerulopathy of transplant kidney (without IgAN)and positive C4d deposition was significantly higher in recurrence group (P <0.01 -0.001 ).At 1 -and 3-year after renal transplantation, survival rates of transplant kidney did not significantly differ between recurrence and non-recurrence groups (93.8% vs.86.7%,95.6% vs.88.3%,both in P >0.05).However,the survival rate at 5 years after transplantation was 51 .4% in recurrence group,significantly lower compared with 83.8% in non-recurrence group (P <0.001 ).In recurrence group,1 0 patients (22%)presented with renal failure after renal transplantation,and 9 patients (9%)in non-recurrence group.Conclusions After renal transplantation,the recurrence of IgAN characterized by asymptomatic microscopic hematuria, albuminuria and progressive aggravation of renal function reduce long-term survival rate of renal graft and indicate poor prognosis.

An Open-label, Self-control, Prospective Study on Cognitive Function, Academic Performance, and Tolerability of Osmotic-release Oral System Methylphenidate in Children with Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common mental and behavioral disorder in school-aged children. This study evaluated the effect of osmotic-release oral system (OROS) methylphenidate (MPH) on cognitive function and academic performance of Chinese school-aged children with ADHD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This 12-week, prospective, multicenter, open-label, self-controlled study enrolled 153 Chinese school-aged children with ADHD and 41 non-ADHD children. Children with ADHD were treated with once-daily OROS-MPH (18 mg, 36 mg, or 54 mg). The primary endpoints were Inattention/Overactivity (I/O) with Aggression Conners Behavior Rating Scale (IOWA) and Digit Span Test at week 12 compared with baseline. Secondary endpoints included opposition/defiant (O/D) subscale of IOWA, Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Coding Test, Stroop Color-word Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), academic performance on teacher-rated school examinations, and safety at week 12 compared with baseline. Both non-ADHD and ADHD children received the same frequency of cognitive operational test to avoid the possible bias caused by training.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 128 patients were evaluated with cognitive assessments. The OROS-MPH treatment significantly improved IOWA Conners I/O subscale scores at week 12 (3.8 ± 2.3) versus baseline (10.0 ± 2.4; P < 0.0001). Digit Span Test scores improved significantly (P < 0.0001) with a high remission rate (81.1%) at week 12 versus baseline. A significant (P < 0.0001) improvement was observed in O/D subscale of IOWA, CGI, Coding Test, Stroop Color-word Test, WCST, and academic performance at week 12 versus baseline. Very few practice-related improvements were noticed in the non-ADHD group at week 12 compared with baseline. No serious adverse events and deaths were reported during the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The OROS-MPH treatment effectively controlled symptoms of ADHD and significantly improved academic performance and cognitive function of Chinese school-aged children with ADHD. The treatment was found to be safe and generally well-tolerated over 12 weeks.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01933880; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01933880?term=CONCERTAATT4099&rank=1.</p>

The status quo investigation of nurses′cognitive and attitude of adverse event reporting / 重庆医学

Objective To calculate the probability of nurses in a city experiencing adverse event and investigate nurses′cognitive and attitude of adverse event reporting ,and to improve the adverse event reporting system for care .Methods Three hundred and seventy five nurses were selected from 15 hospitals in our city and investigated by questionnaire survey .Results There were not statistically significant difference in the probability of nurses experiencing adverse event among all the different levels hospitals (P>0 .05) .There were statistically significant difference among three factors influencing the probability of nurses experiencing adverse event ,including professional title ,different age ,length of service(P<0 .05) .There were statistically significant difference of actively reporting the adverse event among nurses with different length of service (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Nurses′cognitive and attitude to‐wards adverse events report is positive .The length of service ,punishment environment and management expectation are the factors influencing the executive intention of adverse events .Investigating safety problems from the systematic perspective and improving adverse events reporting system could get more information and synthetically analyze the information to avoid nursing risk events e‐ventually .

Inhibitory effect of taurine in hypoxia-induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and signal transduction mechanism / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the effect of taurine (Tau) on the proliferation of hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and study whether the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signal pathway participated in the Tau-inhibited PASMC proliferation process and the possible molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The primary culture was performed for PASMCs in rats. The second to fifth generations were adopted for the experiment. The Tau concentration was 80 mmol x L(-1). The concentration of ERK1/2 blocker (PD98059) was 50 micromol x L(-1). The drug administration time was 24 h. The effect of Tau on the PASMC proliferation was detected by MTT assay, immunofluorescence staining method and western blot under different conditions. The PASMCs were growing were divided into four groups: the normoxia group, the normoxia + Tau group, the hypoxia group and the hypoxia + Tau group. The Western blot was adopted to detect whether the ERK1/2 signal pathway participated in the Tau-inhibited PASMC proliferation process. Subsequently, the PASMCs were divided into five groups: the normoxia group, the hypoxia group, the hypoxia + Tau group, the hypoxia + Tau + PD98059 group and the hypoxia + PD98059 group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Hypoxia could induce the PASMC proliferation. Under the conditions of normoxia, Tau had no effect on the PASMC proliferation. Under the conditions of normoxia and hypoxia, Tau had no effect on the expression of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) among PASMCs. Tau could reverse the expression up-regulation of hypoxia-induced proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (P < 0.01) and Cyclin A (Cyclin A) (P < 0. 05). Under the conditions of normoxia, Tau had no effect on the expression of phosphoryl extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2). Hypoxia could up-regulate the p-ERK1/2 expression (P < 0.01). Tau could reverse the up-regulation of the hypoxia-induced p-ERK1/2 expression(P < 0.01). Both PD98059 and Tau could inhibit the up-regulated expressions of PCNA, Cyclin A and p-ERK1/2. According to the comparison between the single addition of Tau and PD98059 under conditions of hypoxia, the hypoxia + Tau + PD98059 group showed more significant down-regulation in the expressions of PCNA, Cyclin A and p-ERK1/2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tau could inhibit the hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, and may regulate it through ERK1/2 pathway.</p>

THE HEART STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION CHANGES AND RELATED RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS / 现代医院

Objective To investigate the changes of cardiac structure and function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), analyze the related risk factors of heart failure, and improve the awareness of the effect of diabetes on the heart. Methods Randomly selected 170 cases of T2DM patients As the object of study, 170 cases of non diabetic patients as con-trol group, according to whether complicated with heart failure were divided into heart failure patients and non heart failure patients.Comparison of each group left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ven-tricular end systolic diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, E/A ratio Differences, analysis of the related risk factors of heart failure by logistic regressive.Results T2DM group left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular end systolic diameter increased , Left ventricular ejection fraction decreased, E/A ratio de-creased, were statistically significant difference compared with the control group (p <0.05).These differences are mainly come from non heart failure patients.Logistic regression showed that factors in patients with diabetes duration, HbA1c, com-pliance and complications of hypertension, coronary heart disease, is a risk factor for heart failure complicated with T2DM (all p<0.01).These may be the risk factor for diabetic patients with heart failure.Conclusion Diabetes can cause cardiac remodeling, systolic and diastolic dysfunction maybe some T2DM patients.They did not show symptoms of heart failure in the clinical, but their Cardiac structure and function are abnormal.We should pay attention to the cardiac function examination and early evaluation, prevention of risk factors, to avoid the occurrence of heart failure.

Correlation of serum calprotectin level with the range of coronary lesion in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To examine the serum levels of S100 calcium-binding protein A8/A9 complex (S100A8/ A9) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to explore the relation between the serum levels of S100A8/A9 and the degree of coronary lesion.@*METHODS@#A total of 126 patients with coronary heart disease were enrolled from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between September 2010 and January 2011, which included 51 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP group, n=51), 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI group, n=50), and 25 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP group, n=25). Twenty-five healthy volunteers were served as a normal control group (NC group, n=25). According to the coronary artery lesion area, ACS patients were also divided into a single-branch group, a double-branch group and a triple-branch group. Serum levels of S100A8/A9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the day when the patients admitted to the hospital and on the day after one-week treatment (UAP group + AMI group). The serum levels were compared among the various branch groups. The short-term prognosis in patients with ACS was investigated by phone follow-up after 3 months.@*RESULTS@#1) The S100A8/A9 level in the SAP group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P0.05); 2) After one-week standard treatment, the serum levels of S100A8/A9 in patients with ACS were significantly reduced compared with that at the admission (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The serum level of S100A8/A9 is significantly elevated in patients with ACS, which might be positively correlated with the number of the coronary lesion branches.

Duration of breastfeeding and its relevant influencing factors on under 2-years-old in rural areas of 10 provinces in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the current status and relevant factors influencing the duration of breastfeeding in rural areas in China.Methods Children under two years old were selected as subjects from the study on "Physical growth among the under 7-years-old children from the rural areas of ten provinces in China in 2006".Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves and Cox multivariate stepwise regression was used to identify the relevant factors on the duration of breastfeeding.Results Median of the duration for breastfeeding was 12 months in rural areas of 10 provinces in China.Results of this study suggested that factors as sex,birth order,areas of residency,nationality,initiation of formula,parents' education levels,maternal services and famliy income were correlated with the duration of breastfeeding.Conclusion Duration of breastfeeding among rural children under 2-years of age was short in the 10 provinces of China.Factors as level of education,residential areas and family income of the parents as well as sex of the chilaren were correlated with the duration of breastfeeding.Intervention program should be implemented to improve the current status on breastfeeding.

Changes of CK-MB and HSP 60 in electrical-injuried rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and heat shock protein 60 (HSP 60) in rats without electric marks after electric injury, to identify the relationship of the CK-MB, HSP 60 and the time of electric injuries, and to evaluate the damage to cells after electric injury.@*METHODS@#The animal model of electric injury without electric marks was established by alternating current (voltage 110 V). Automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to detect the serum CK-MB and immunohistochemical staining technology was used to analyze the tissues of myocardium and left lobe of liver.@*RESULTS@#The amount of serum CK-MB was increased when the rats were injuried, and reached the peak at 30min. Then the amount of CK-MB began to decrease and showed a slight downward trend in 3-5 h after electric injury, and leveled off at 6 h. Immunohistochemistry staining also showed the changes of HSP 60 of rats' myocardial cells and hepatic cells regularly after electric injury.@*CONCLUSION@#The regular changes of serum CK-MB and tissular HSP 60 in rats can be used to diagnosis electric injury and assess the injury of internal organs after the electric injury without electric marks.