Expression and Clinical Significance of Helper T Cells 9 and Its Sytokines Interleukin 9 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and clinical significance of T helper cell 9 (Th9) and its cytokine interleukin 9(IL-9) in peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL).@*METHODS@#A total of 43 newly diagnosed patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the case group. The patients were divided into Binet A group (13 cases), Binet B group (20 cases) and Binet C group (10 cases) by Binet staging system, and 20 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinationin in our hospital in the same period served as control group. The proportion of Th9 cells in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry, the expression level of Th9 specific transcription factors PU.1 and IRF4 was detected by Western blot, and the expression level of serum cytokine IL-9 was detected by ELISA. The proportion of Th9, the expression of PU.1, IRF4 and IL-9 in each group were compared, and the correlation between the proportion of Th9, IL-9 and clinicopathological indexes of CLL patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The proportion of Th9, the expression of PU.1, IRF4 and IL-9 in CLL group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), the proportion of Th9 and the expression of IL-9 in Binet B and C group were higher than those in Binet A group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the proportion of Th9 cells between Binet B group and C group (P>0.05). The expression of IL-9 in Binet C group was significantly higher than that in Binet B group (P<0.05) . The proportion of Th9 cells and IL-9 were highly expression in patients with β2 microglobulin abnormality, IGHV unmutation, P53 abnormality and hepatosplenic lymph node enlargement(P<0.05), but not related to age and sex (P>0.05). The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the proportion of Th9 in patients with CLL was negatively correlated with the lymphocytic account and lymphocyte proportion(rs=-0.32，rs=-0.34). The proportion of Th9 and IL-9 were positively correlated with Binet stage, Rai stage and CLL-IPI Scoring (rs=0.79，rs=0.54，rs=0.58； rs=0.72，rs=0.63，rs=0.45), but not with WBC, CD4+ T cells and CD8+T cells (P>0.05). The proportion of Th9 was positively correlated with IL-9 (rs=0.53).@*CONCLUSION@#Th9 cells and IL-9 are abnormally highly expressed in CLL, which is related to the poor prognosis of CLL.

Significance of Tim-3 in The Imbalance of Th17/Treg in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the singnificance of Tim-3 in Th17/Treg balance in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#Fifty-six newly diagnosed MM patients and 30 healthy people were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of Tim-3 on CD4@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the expression of Tim-3 on CD4@*CONCLUSION@#The ratios of Th17/Treg, IL-17/IL-10 and Tim-3

Incidence Analysis of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in People over 40 Years of Age / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the distribution of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance(MGUS) in different age, sex and ethnic people over 40 years old.@*METHODS@#Five hundred and ninety-six people(over 40 years old) examened in the Health Examination center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2017 to September 2017 were selected. Among 596 people, male 310, female 286, Han people 488, and Uygur ethnic people 108. According to age, 596 people were divided into 3 groups, (40-59 years old group, 60-79 years old group, over 80 years old group). First, all samples were screened by capillary serum protein electrophoresis. If the suspected monoclonal bands were found in the electrophoretogram, and then the specific protein types were determined by serum immunofixation electrophoresis.@*RESULTS@#The total incidence of MGUS in 596 screened population was 4.027%. The incidence of MGUS in 40-59 years old group, 60-69 years old group and over 80 years old group were 1.762%, 2.929% and 10% respectively, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of MGUS in male (5.806%) was significantly higher than that in female (2.097%)(χ=5.177，P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that over 80 years old and male were independent risk factors for MGUS(P=0.001, OR=4.188, 95%CI: 1.814-9.673, P=0.048, OR=2.605, 95%CI: 1.009-6.725). The types of immunoglobulin in patients with MGUS were mostly IgG, IgG(66.7%) was significantly more than IgA (29.2%)(χ=21.375，P<0.05)，and there was no significant difference in the incidence of MGUS between people with in Kappa and Lambda.@*CONCLUSION@#The age increase and male may increase the incidence of MGUS, the IgG is the most common type of immunoglobcdin in pathogenesis of MGUS, so the early screening should be done.

Expression of IL-21/BCL-6/Blimp-1 in echinococcosis / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the expression of IL-21/BCL-6/Blimp-1 in CE patients and discusse the mechanism of the pathogenesis of the echinococcosis.Methods:27 patients and 30 health persons were collected from the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang medical university in the same period.IL-21 was detected by ELISA and the expression of IL-21/BCL-6 /Blimp-1 mRNA was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) in CE patients.At the same time,17 patients were followed up in the group of patients,and the expression of IL-21/BCL-6/Blimp-1 was detected before and after treatment.Results:(1) The results of PCR showed that the levels of IL-21/BCL-6 mRNA were significantly increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the CE patients compared with the healthy control group (P<0.05).The expression of IL-21/BCL-6 /Blimp-1 mRNA in patients before the treatment was higher than that of patients after treatment(P<0.05).(2)The level of IL-21 in peripheral blood of CE patients was sig-nificantly higher than that in the healthy control group and basically returned to normal after the cure (P<0.05).IL-21 was positively correlated with BCL-6(r=0.733, P<0.01).Conclusion:BCL-6 and Blimp-1 May promote the human immune system to resist parasitic infection in the course of the development of the disease.IL-21, BCL-6 and Blimp-1 are significantly reduced after effective treatment,indicating that these factors are involved in the immune mechanism of the development of the disease.

mRNA Expressions of T-bet, GATA-3, ROR γt and Foxp3 in peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in different stages / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to investigate the mRNA expression of T-bet, GATA-3, ROR γt and Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in different stages and explore their potential role in the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 46 newly diagnosed and untreated patients with CLL was chosen as patient group, including 16 patients in the stage of Binet A, 15 in the stage of Binet B, and 15 in the stage of Binet C; 20 healthy persons were selected as controls. The quantitative fluorescence PCR was adopted to detect the mRNA expression of T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and Foxp3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The expression of T-bet mRNA in patient group was lower than that in normal controls (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of GATA-3 mRNA, ROR γt, Foxp3 in CLL patients group were higher than that in normal controls (P < 0.05), and the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 and RORγt/Foxp3 in CLL in patient group were lower than that in normal controls(P < 0.05); (2) The later the stage, the higher the mRNA expression of GATA-3 and Foxp3. The mRNA expression of GATA-3 in stage Binet B and stage Binet C of CLL patients were higher than that in stage Binet A (P < 0.05),and the mRNA expression of Foxp3 in stage Binet C was higher than that in stage of Binet A and Binet B (P < 0.05); the later the stage, the lower the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 and RORγt/Foxp3. The ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 in stage of Binet A CLL patients was higher than that in stage Binet C (P < 0.05) and the ratio of RORγt/Foxp3 in stage of Binet A and stage of Binet B were higher than that in stage Binet C (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study found in the level of transcription factors in CLL patients that with the process of disease, the balance shifts from Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg to Th17 and Treg, and Treg cell may play a critical immunosuppressive role in the development of CLL.</p>