RESUMO
Hereditary hemocromatosis (HH) is a genetic disease with a recessive autosomic pattern, in which inadequate iron (Fe) absorption is made by the intestinal cell. As consequence of that process, takes place a progressive accumulation of metal in different organs, predominantly in the liver. This leads to an alteration of liver structure and function: cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma (1). The gene implied in this pathology was identified (HFE) in 1996. This codes a similar molecule to the mayor histocompatibility complex type 1(MHC-T1 like) that can modulate the transport of PE binding the transferrin receptor. This progress allows a deep understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of the homeostasis of the Fe and its alterations in the NH. The diagnosis of disease by means of a genetic test let to carry out a familiar screening and to detect asymptomatic carriers. This makes possible to begin the appropriate treatment at early stages of the disease in order to avoid its consequences and offering a better quality of life to these patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Hemocromatose/genética , Testes Genéticos , Hemocromatose/diagnóstico , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/genéticaRESUMO
Em 424 amostras de soros examinadas, a prevalência da infecçäo pelo vírus da hepatite B foi de 89,6% com 15,6% de positividade para o HBsAg. Algumas das amostras pertenciam a uma populaçäo aferente e outras a pessoas trabalhando em hospital rural situado na Africa Ocidental (República Popular de Benin). Vinte e sete por cento dos indivíduos soro-positivos evidenciaram replicaçäo do vírus como demonstrado pela presença do HBcAg. Nos indivíduos HBcAb positivos, os anticorpos anti-delta foram positivos em uma freqüência de 19,7%. A presença de HBsAg em 15% das mulheres gestantes eleva a importância da transmissäo de HBV, da mäe para o filho, nesta regiäo. Os resultados apresentados podem ser comparados com aqueles obtidos em outra áreas da Africa, com condiçöes sócio-econômicas semelhantes
Assuntos
Gravidez , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite D/epidemiologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Benin/epidemiologia , Doadores de Sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/análise , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/análise , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/imunologia , Hepatite D/diagnóstico , PrevalênciaRESUMO
PTC was performed in 86 patients with obstructive jaundice, between February/80--March/81 diagnosing 20 cases of the hepatic hilium carcinoma, 14 of pancreatic carcinoma, and 2 multiplex abscess of the liver. PTC-D was successfully attempted on 16 patients, catheterizing the intrahepatic biliary tree in 15 and maintaining a good biliary flow in 10 of them. The catheter was on the correct position into the biliary tree in 6 patients, and the drainage continued for 7-20 days. General improvement was obtained in 83.33
, itching decreased in 40
and disappeared in 60
, cholestasis was reduced in 100
and sepsis in 75
. Complications of the technique were: pain during the introduction of the guide wire (18.75
) and transitory hemobilia (31.21
). PTC-D seems to be a procedure with a precisely indication in every transitory obstructive jaundice, in order to put the patient in better conditions to a definitive therapy: 1) Surgery 2) Prosthesis 3) External-internal biliary drainage.