Study of effect of Nigella sativa on prevention of nephrotoxicity induced by colistin in experimental animals

ABSTRACTBackground: Nigella sativa, a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world belongs to family ranunculaceae. Its Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various traditional systems of medicines and food. This study was performed to evaluate the protective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on kidney when simultaneously given with colistin sulfate (CS) which induces tubular damage in rats.Methods: Animals were treated for 7 days: Group I (n=6) with normal saline and CMC, Group II, III and IV with 300.000IU/kg/day of CS (n=6). Group III and Group IV with NSO at the dose of 1 and 2ml/kg per orum prior to CS administration. All the animals were sacrificed on 8th day. Afterwards, the plasma creatinine (pCr), blood urea, renal tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and renal histology were performed.Results: Colistin sulfate induced tubular damage, increased the plasma creatinine (pCr), blood urea and MDA levels and decreased the reduced glutathione (GSH). However, simultaneous treatment with Nigella sativa oil at the dose of 1ml/kg and 2ml/kg for one week produced dose dependant improvement in tubular damage and reduced the biochemical alteration.Conclusions: It could be concluded that, Colistin sulfate induced nephrotoxicity is ameliorated by NS oil especially in higher dose of (2ml/kg). This nephroprotective effect is ascribed to free radical scavenging and potent antioxidant activity in Nigella sativa.

Renal Function Before and After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG): Off Pump vs. On Pump.

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality and several factors have been identified as predictive of complications. These include renal dysfunction and in particular renal replacement therapy. More than 600,000 coronary artery graft procedures are performed annually in the United States. Of those patients with coronary arterial disease 10% patients undergo CABG surgery. To explore the association of renal function between off-pump and on-pump-CABG. To evaluate the degree of impairment of renal function in on-pump, 80 patients (off-pump group = 50, on-pump group = 30) who underwent CABG were recruited from cardiac surgery dept. of National Heart Foundation and Research Institute Mirpur Dhaka and National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD). Subjects were selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. Purpose and procedure of the study were explained in detail and informed written consent was taken from the study subjects. All the information of the study subject including history, clinical finding were recorded in a preformed data sheet. Serum urea and creatinine were significantly higher in on-pump group patients 12 hours after CABG. Serum urea was significantly higher and serum creatinine was slightly in onpump group in comparison to off-pump group. The mean urea and creatinine were found significantly higher in on-pump group in comparison to off-pump group and CCr was slightly higher lower in on-pump but not significantly decreased.

Evaluation of Serum Levels of Hepatic Enzymes and Plasma Proteins between Different Types of Acute Viral Hepatitis.

This cross-sectional study was carried out in 80 serologically diagnosed cases of acute viral hepatitis to assess and compare the serum hepatic enzymes & plasma proteins between four different types (A,B,C,E), 20 in each group. Hepatitis E, hepatitis B and hepatitis C were more prevalent in males than that in females. The study showed that geometric mean of S.AST of all the four types differed significantly (F= 274.94, p<0.001). Geometric mean of S.ALT, S.AST and S.ALP in cases of HCV were significantly lower than others (p<0.001). Geometric mean of S.ALT & S.AST in cases of HEV were significantly increased than others (p<0.001). But the geometric mean of S.ALP of HBV was significantly higher than others (p<0.001). On the other hand though S.ALP of HAV and HEV was lower than HBV but significantly higher than HCV (p<0.001). The mean±SD of serum albumin of HCV was decreased significantly in contrast to those of HAV and HBV (p<0.001). A:G ratio of HCV was also significantly lower than other three (p<0.001). It was revealed through the study that hepatic enzymes were most affected in cases of HEV but least affected in cases of HCV.