RESUMO
Background: Controlling hypertension by self-care behaviors cause to reduce mortality and disability from heart disease. Self-efficacy is a strong determinant for changing or creating self-care behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine self- efficacy of self-care behaviors of elderly patients with hypertension in the Qom city in 2013.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was performed on 130 cases of hypertensive patients in Qom city that were selected in Snowball sampling. The data collection was a Blood pressure device questionnaire including demographic information, Self-efficacy and Performance. Data were analyzed by SPSS-18.
Results: average self-efficacy score was 40%. Self-efficacy was significantly higher in men than women [P=0/03] and between self-efficacy and marital status, job and education level had no significant relation. Self-efficacy Elderly with Self-care performance [P=0/003], average systolic pressure [P=0/0001] and diastolic [P= 0/004] had a significant relationship.
Conclusion: Elderly patients with hypertension were poor level of perceived self-efficacy related to self-care behaviors and considering that there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and behavior, therefore, to change or adoption behavior attention to self-efficacy is remarkable.
RESUMO
Paying attention to adolescents' health is very important, because of their increasing number and also, because adolescence is one of the most critical periods of the life. Based on the census done in year 1996 in Iran, 25% of the population was between 10 to 19 years old; almost 16 million people. A lot of physical, psychological, social and behavioral problems are rooted in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of puberty in adolescent boys. This was a qualitative study based on phenomenological method. Samples were 22 adolescents, between 15 to 19 years old, living in Arak, which were selected by purposive sampling method. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi method. Six themes were identified: Conflict with parents, biological changes, economical needs, educational condition, sexual concerns and spiritual matters. Results show that most of participants had extremely stressful experiences which sometimes lead to crisis. It seems that to relieve or reduce these problems, three important agents in child development; including family, school and society must play an active role