Advanced glycation end-products-, c-type lectin- and cysteinyl/leukotriene-receptors in distinct mesenchymal stromal cell populations: differential transcriptional profiles in response to inflammation

Objective: We aimed at characterizing the transcription profiles of immunological receptors associated with the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells [MSCs]

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction [qRT- PCR] was performed to establish the transcription profiles of advanced glycation end-products [RAGE] receptor, C-type lectin receptors [CLRs, including DECTIN-1, DECTIN-2 and MINCLE], leukotriene B4 [LTB4] receptors [BLT1 and BLT2] and cysteinyl leukotrienes [CysLTs] receptors [CYSLTR1 and CYSLTR2] in distinct populations of MSCs grown under basic or inflammatory conditions

Results: MSCs derived from adipose tissue [AT], foreskin [FSK], Wharton's jelly [WJ] and bone marrow [BM] exhibited significantly different transcription levels for these genes. Interestingly, these transcription profiles substantially changed following exposure of MSCs to inflammatory signals

Conclusion: Collectively, for the first time, our data highlights that MSCs depending on their tissue-source, present several relevant receptors potentially involved in the regulation of inflammatory and immunological responses. Understanding the roles of these receptors within MSCs immunobiology will incontestably improve the efficiency of utilization of MSCs during cell-based therapies

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Toll-Like Receptor Priming: A Critical Review

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are potential cellular candidates for several immunotherapy purposes. Their multilineage potential and immunomodulatory properties make them interesting tools for the treatment of various immunological diseases. However, depending on the local microenvironment, diverse biological functions of MSCs can be modulated. Indeed, during infections such as obtained following TLR-agonist engagement (called as TLR priming), the phenotype, multilineage potential, hematopoietic support and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs can present critical changes, which could further affect their therapeutic potential. Thus, for appropriate clinical application of MSCs, it is important to well know and understand these effects in particular during infectious episodes and to find the suitable experimental settings to study that. Pre-stimulation of MSCs with a specific TLR ligand may serve as an effective priming step to modulate one of its function to achieve a desired therapeutic issue.