Comparison of combination of CIMT and BIM training with CIMT alone on fine motor skills of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy

This study aimed to compare the combination of CIMT and BIM training with CIMT in Fine Motor Skills of Children with Hemiplegic cerebral palsy. 24 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy aged between 60 and 120 months participated in this RCT study. They were randomly assigned into CIMT and BIM training [n=12, four males, eight females; mean age+/-standard deviation =93.58+/-14.24] and CIMT alone [n=12, six males, six females; mean age+/-standard deviation = 94.00+/-18.97] groups. The children in the CIMT and BIM group were received a combination of CIMT and bi-manual training in addition to current occupational therapy. Each session was started with restraint on non-involved upper extremity and practicing with the involved upper extremity for three hours. This was followed with bi-manual training for another three hours. The children in CIMT group received CIMT. Each session was started with restraint on non-involved upper extremity and practicing with the involved upper extremity for six hours. This process lasted for 10 out of 12 consecutive days for both groups. Fine motor skills, upper limb function and muscle tone were assessed using Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Jebsen-Taylor Test of Hand Function and Modified Ashworth Scale respectively. Fine motor skills and upper limb function of these children in CIMT and HABIT and CIMT alone groups had significantly improved [P<0.05]. However, these changes were not significantly different between the two groups before and after intervention [P>0.05]. Results showed that these two treatment approaches improved fine motor skills in the hemiplegic children with cerebral palsy. None of the interventions are better than the other one. Therefore, it is suggested to use a combination of CIMT and BIM training instead of CIMT alone in order to make the tasks more attractive and easier for the children

[ impact of exercise therapy on the musculoskeletal abnormalities of blind boy students of 12- 18 years old at Tehran Mohebbi blind school]

The purpose of this study was to examine the 13 musculoskeletal abnormalities [front head, lateral bending head, shoulder dropping, scoliosis, kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, flat back, pelvicobliguity, genu varum, x.leg, flat foot, pes cavus, and hallux valgus] after a period of exercise therapy on the blind boy students without secondary disability. In this semi-experimental research, 60 boy students were included from secondary and high school [12-18 years old] including 34 congenital blind and 26 semi blind. They were selected among 135 students at Tehran Mohebbi blind school. They were tested by measurement tools [symetrigraph, antropometer, and podioscope]. After examining the results by the New York test, the students who were diagnosed with one or more musculoskeletal abnormalities took part in four-month's exercises with 3 sessions at week. The results were registered after the end of the exercise program and administered secondary exam. The data before and after the exam were analyzed. 80 percent of the blind students at pre-exam had musculoskeletal abnormalities which are decreased to 45 percent after exercises. There were significant differences on the rate of recovery at 11 abnormalities [Exact - Sign = 0 < 0/05] and there were not significant differences at pelvicobliguity and x.leg abnormalities [Exact - Sign = 1 <0/05]. The research findings emphasized on the validation and important of exercise therapy on musculoskeletal abnormalities